Content
- 1 General technology for growing tulips in a greenhouse
- 2 Pros of growing in greenhouse conditions
- 3 What tulips can be planted in a greenhouse
- 4 When to plant tulips in a greenhouse
- 5 Planting tulips in a greenhouse
- 6 How to grow tulips in a greenhouse
- 7 Forcing tulips by March 8 in a greenhouse
- 8 Timing and cutting rules
- 9 Possible problems and solutions
- 10 Conclusion
Growing tulips in a greenhouse by March 8 is not easy, but possible. Growing flowers for sale is a very profitable business. Tulips are unpretentious in care and are in demand all year round, and the profit from the sale for the holiday grows tenfold.
General technology for growing tulips in a greenhouse
Growing flowers of different colors is a profitable move for a business, since the buyer has a choice.
Experts recommend leaving most of the premises for varieties of red shades that are in demand.
There are two technologies for growing tulips in a greenhouse for distillation by March 8 and other holidays:
- The classic way - simpler, this is its main advantage. The bulbs are planted in a wooden container and stored in complete darkness until rooting, then moved to the greenhouse. Their growth is controlled by changes in temperature and humidity in the room. The containers hold about 100 bulbs.
- Dutch method - complicated by stricter adherence to temperature conditions. After several weeks of aging, the containers are placed in a refrigerator and only then transferred to a greenhouse, where the temperature is maintained at 18 ° C. The advantage of this method is a reduction in the amount of chemicals used for growth, an accelerated distillation of tulips, and the absence of fungal diseases.
How many tulips grow in a greenhouse
In order not to miscalculate the appearance of tulips by the desired date, you need to know the time of plant growth in greenhouse conditions. Please note that times may vary due to technical reasons.
It takes 3 months to germinate the planting material. Another 3-4 weeks pass before flowering. In total, from the moment of planting to flowering, it takes at least 15-16 weeks, subject to the temperature regime (18 ° C). At t below 13 ° C, the formation of peduncles slows down, which delays forcing.
Pros of growing in greenhouse conditions
Planting tulips in a greenhouse is a very good idea. This does not require special skills and knowledge; they can be grown without attracting additional labor. On holidays, you can get an impressive profit on flowers, and greenhouse conditions allow you to prepare tulips directly on the desired date.
Then it is easy to occupy the empty greenhouse with vegetables - zucchini, tomatoes, radishes, herbs, which gives the business expansion, new opportunities and a stable income.
What tulips can be planted in a greenhouse
It is recommended to plant tulip varieties with the same growing conditions in the greenhouse.
The most popular tulips for cultivation in the greenhouse are red, white and yellow tulips.
Varieties are selected depending on the requirements for the flowering period. To complete the cultivation of flowers in the greenhouse for Valentine's Day, it is recommended to use early tulip varieties; by March 8, it is better to plant varieties with a late and medium flowering period. Flowers of the class "Russian giants" or "Triumph" will be a good choice.
Successful people and flower growers consider the early varieties to be reliable for organizing a business:
- "Abba" - a double flower, bright red;
- Primavera - the petals are pink;
- Christmas Marvel - Manages to form buds by February 14th.
For medium distillation (by February 23rd):
- Carola (Tulir Carola) - a large goblet flower of pink color;
- Abu Hassan (Abu Hassan) - has a chic burgundy-chocolate shade, framed outside with a gold border;
- Tosca is an unusual red-purple tulip.
For late distillation (by March 8):
- Parade (Parade) - a large flower of saturated scarlet color with a black-yellow center, goblet shape;
- Eric Hofsue - a huge crimson flower stem, framed along the edges with a light border;
- Diplomate is a bright pinkish-red color, the middle is white-cream.
When to plant tulips in a greenhouse
Flowers in the greenhouse are planted three times:
- in October - cutoff time begins in February;
- in November - the flowering season in March;
- in mid-March - collection period in September.
The landing date is calculated based on the desired flowering month. The exact ripening period of the variety and the period of exposure in the cold are taken away from it, obtaining the required planting time.
Planting very early can rob you of your expected tulip crop. The flowers will be fragile and weak, not tradeable.
Planting tulips in a greenhouse
Having decided to start cultivating tulips, they prepare a greenhouse in advance and carefully select planting material. It is recommended to buy it in the period from July to the first half of September, at which time the bulbs of the current year are sold.
It is better to independently harvest planting material from plants grown in the open field. Digging, they try not to damage the rhizome.
It is better to plant in wooden or plastic containers, 50x50cm in size.
Selection and preparation of bulbs
Having turned tulip cultivation into a business, it is important to forcing in a greenhouse on time, which only strong and strong bulbs can withstand. The size of high-quality planting material is 3-4 cm in diameter, and the weight is at least 25-30 g.
Bulbs must be free from damage and mold.
Tulip scales should not be too dense and thick. This may indicate that he was overexposed in the ground and he is not suitable for planting.
Preparation for planting consists in keeping the planting material in a dark place at t 9 ° C for 2-3 weeks. Then the scales are removed and the bulb is disinfected with a weak solution of potassium permanganate, or with water cooled to 40 ° C.
Greenhouse preparation
It is recommended to place the greenhouse at a distance of 3-12 m from other structures: fences, outbuildings, houses. It is advisable that buildings or trees are located on the north side of the greenhouse to protect crops from cold winds. The polycarbonate cladding will reliably protect the plants from the cold. The thicker its layer, the more reliable the protection of flowers.
If there is a lack of funds, it is better to build it in blocks. In addition, the blocks are convenient for growing tulips of different varieties. And the vents for ventilating the greenhouse will significantly reduce the cost of ventilation.
In winter, tulips need strictly controlled heating, so the greenhouse needs heating and 2 thermometers: to measure the temperature of the air and soil. It is preferable to use phytolamps as winter lighting in the greenhouse.
Landing algorithm
The planting process is simple and includes the following steps:
- Prepare the soil. The soil for tulips should be neutral acidity. It is disinfected with hot (at least 80 ° C) water and poured with a fungicide, drained, since tulips do not tolerate highly moistened soil.
- Prepare a substrate from sawdust and steamed sand. It is placed in a box with a layer of 10 cm. Top covered with prepared earth.
- The bulbs are buried in the ground by 3 cm, planting them in rows with a distance of 10-15 cm, sprinkled with a substrate on top.
How to grow tulips in a greenhouse
Plants of different varieties are recommended to be placed in different blocks.
The planted bulbs are cooled for 3 weeks, this will help the plants to take root and accumulate substances for active stem growth. The humidity in the greenhouse at this time should be 70%. To maintain this level of humidity, it is recommended to water the walls and floor in the greenhouse every 3-4 days. Lighting for flowers is kept to a minimum. They are watered a little, but daily.
After 3 weeks, tulips will have a stem 5-6 cm long. Bulbs that have not sprouted should be removed as they increase the risk of rot spreading to healthy plants.
Forcing tulips by March 8 in a greenhouse
After a cooling period, you can start forcing tulips, gradually increasing the air temperature in the greenhouse. The first 3-4 days it is enough to keep it at 11-14 ° C, then set it to 16-19 ° C during the day and 14-15 ° C at night. Such a deception of plants will provoke their active growth and budding. If necessary to speed up flowering, it is permissible to raise the temperature in the greenhouse to 20 ° C.
Lighting for the first days of distillation is set for a short, preferably dim, no more than 900 lux. And only in February it is permissible to extend it to 10-12 hours. It is recommended to use phytolamps placed at a distance of 0.5 m above the plants as a light source.
Flowers are watered daily, in the early morning, taking care not to get water on the leaves. For irrigation, use cool water (+ 9 + 12 ° C). Melt water is ideal. At the end of forcing, the plants can be watered every other day.
Twice during cultivation, it is necessary to water the boxes with plantings with a 0.2% solution of calcium nitrate. The first time this is done 2 days after placing the containers in the greenhouse. The second is at the moment of active growth.
As soon as budding has begun, the air temperature in the greenhouse is sharply reduced to 15 ° C. This procedure strengthens the stems, and the color of the leaves and peduncles becomes more intense.
Timing and cutting rules
Cutting should be done obliquely, the length of the cut should be no more than 1.5 cm.
The best time for her is the half-life of the flowers, then the buds will gradually open over the next few days.
Cutting off blossoming specimens, a businessman risks losing most of the profits, since they will quickly wither and no one will buy them.
It is better to cut it in the early morning, while the tulip buds are closed, or in the late evening.
Selling tulips dug up along with the bulb has become a fashionable trend. Businessmen highly appreciated the idea and are actively applying it in practice, because this way the bouquet lasts much longer.
Possible problems and solutions
A tulip is an unpretentious flower, caring for it is not difficult and problems with forcing can appear only if its rules are not followed.
Planting material cannot be transported and stored at unstable temperatures.
Even a slight deviation in the air humidity in the greenhouse is unacceptable. Exceeding its level threatens plants with gray rot and leaf defects, and lowering it - with poor rooting.
Excessive watering leads to decay of rhizomes and bulbs, and lack of water - inhibits flower development, contributes to the death of roots.
If the buds are drooping and look emaciated, then the air temperature is exceeded, you should ventilate the greenhouse.
Pale edges and uneven coloration of the tulip indicate an unnecessarily low temperature.
Weak buds indicate a lack of calcium or an excess of the night temperature over the daytime.
Bulb decay is typical with excessively warm soil.
Blind inflorescences and lack of buds are a sign of insufficient cooling of the plantings.
Conclusion
The flower business is profitable, having managed to grow tulips by March 8 in a greenhouse, you can recoup most of the costs of organizing the process. The demand for them is stable throughout the year.
