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Late grape varieties ripen in autumn, when the ripening season of berries and fruits comes to an end. They are characterized by a long growing season (from 150 days) and a large amount of active temperatures (over 2800 ° C). Harvesting begins at the end of September.
Late ripening grapes have advantages and disadvantages. The main plus is the ability to use berries for homemade preparations. The disadvantage is the susceptibility of plants to frost and disease.
Late ripening varieties are not recommended for planting in the northern regions. In cold climates, berries often do not ripen in time.
The best technical grades
Technical late grape varieties contain a lot of juice in the pulp. Such plants are unpretentious to growing conditions. To obtain a high yield, the bushes are cared for.
Isabel
Late Isabella grapes has technical and table applications. It is distinguished by large three-lobed leaves and cylindrical clusters weighing 140 g. Fruits are oval or round, black, with abundant waxy bloom on firm skin. The pulp with a rich strawberry aroma.
Ripening of Isabella takes from 150 to 180 days from the beginning of the growing season. The bushes are powerful and vigorous. The late Isabella grape is resistant to phylloxera and fungal diseases.
When growing Isabella, it is important to prune the shoots in a timely manner. With high thickening, the fruits ripen unevenly and lose their taste. The berries are used fresh or for making wine.
Photo of late Isabella grapes:
White Muscat
White Muscat grape is an ancient late-fruiting variety, from which sweet dessert wines are made. The characteristic features of the plant are leaves with pointed tips, dense lobed clusters, berries with a waxy bloom.
The weight of the bunch is on average 110 g, in the largest ones - 450 g. The berry is round, yellowish in color. The pulp is tender, a nutmeg aroma is felt. The berry contains about 2-3 seeds.
White muscat has low winter hardiness, in the spring the inflorescences suffer from frost. The crop is harvested after 140 days from the beginning of the growing season.
Merlot
The Merlot grape is a French late variety that ripens in 152-164 days. The leaves are round, medium-sized. Bunches of cylindrical-conical shape, weighing about 120 g.
The berries are black, rounded. The skin is firm, covered with a waxy coating, the pulp is juicy with white juice. Merlot wines have a full and harmonious taste.
Merlot bears a late, stable harvest. The bushes are resistant to mildew, rotting and low temperatures. Occasionally, berries are peeled.
Lydia
The late Lydia grapes have both technical and table purposes. The variety is imported from North America. Lydia is characterized by large, rounded leaves. Bunches are conical, small, loose.
The berries are rounded, deep red, have a waxy coating of lilac hue. Fruit ripening takes 158 days. Ripening of shoots is at a high level in both warm and northern regions. Up to 40 kg of berries are removed from the bush.
In warm climates, Lydia winters without shelter. The variety responds positively to feeding. Pruning and pinching helps to avoid thickening of the bush.
Saperavi north
Saperavi grape the northern one ripens in mid-late periods. The period from bud swelling to harvest is 141 days. It is used to prepare table wine and blended juice. Saperavi wine is characterized by high astringency and herbaceous notes.
The bunches are cone-shaped, small in size, rather loose. Fruits are small, oval, deep blue in color. The pulp contains a lot of juice, the skin is dense with a thick bloom, the taste is harmonious and simple. The juice is bright pink, very thick.
Saperavi is highly resistant to winter frosts, but does not tolerate drought well. The crop is rationed by pruning the shoots.
Cabernet Sauvignon
A late French grape for making wine. The bunches are medium-sized, the berries are 15 mm in size, dark blue in color and rounded. The skin is firm, covered with a thin layer of wax. The pulp is very juicy, the juice is clear.
To prepare wine, the bunches are removed 150-165 days after the beginning of the growing season of the plants. Cabernet Sauvignon is late and winter-hardy variety, however, prone to shedding of ovaries. In drought, the fruits become smaller. The accumulation of sugar occurs even with increased stress on the bush.
Cabernet Sauvignon grapes has good resistance to fungal infections. The variety successfully resists phylloxera and leafworm.
The best table varieties
Table late grapes are intended for fresh consumption. Bunches and berries have excellent marketability and taste, and tolerate transportation well. Table varieties have thin skin, fleshy flesh and few seeds.
Moldova
Moldova is a medium late ripening table variety. The grapes of Moldova are characterized by large leaves and conical bunches. The weight of the bunches ranges from 400 g to 1 kg. The flesh is crispy and fleshy. The fruits are oval, deep purple in color, covered with a thin layer of wax.
Moldova has a strong growth force. When the plantings are thickened, the presentation and taste of the berries are lost. Long pruning is practiced for the variety. Up to 150 kg of berries are removed from adult bushes.
The culture prefers nutritious, moist soils. Winter hardiness at an average level. To protect against diseases, 1-2 treatments are required per season. Moldova is appreciated for its good portability.
Photos of late Moldova grapes:
Asma
Asma is a late Crimean variety that yields in 160 days. The vine is harvested in mid or late October.
The plant is characterized by large, rounded leaves with sharp tips. The clusters are large, in the form of a cone or cylinder, of medium density. The mass of the bunch is about 350 g. The fruits are large, purple in color and oval in shape, on the skin there is a small bloom of wax.
The late Asma variety grows well in crushed stone soil, well warmed up by the sun. Short pruning is used for shoots. The bushes are suitable for decorating gazebos. Bushes have low winter hardiness.
Anyuta
Anyuta grape is a hybrid form, which was developed by an amateur breeder V.N. Krainov. Ripening occurs in the middle late terms. In the conditions of the Rostov region, the harvest is harvested at the end of September.
Bushes grow rapidly after planting. Bunches in the form of a cone, weighing from 700 g to 1.2 kg. The density of the bunches is average, the commercial qualities are at a high level.
Fruits are large, oval, weighing 12 g, dark pink in color. The pulp is high in juice, the skin is firm. Light nutmeg notes are felt in the taste. The yield of the late Anyuta variety is high; for this, the number of ovaries on the shoots is normalized. Bushes must be covered for the winter.
Odessa souvenir
The grapes yield a stable high yield. Bunches of medium and large sizes, loose, conical, up to 20 cm long and about 12 cm wide.
The berries are large, oblong, up to 29 cm long and 12 cm wide. The color is black, with a thick waxy coating on the skin. The taste is distinguished by notes of nutmeg and thorns. The fruits contain 3-4 seeds.
This is a late-ripening grape variety, harvesting takes place 142 days after bud swelling. Harvesting is done at the end of September. The bushes are vigorous and vigorous.
Odessa souvenir has good resistance to gray rot and mildew, but requires protection from powdery mildew. Frost resistance is low, so in the fall the vine is covered for the winter.
December
The Dekabrskiy variety is a table black grape that ripens at a later date in 165 days. The grapes are resistant to fungal diseases that develop in high humidity. The bushes are not susceptible to phylloxera and leafworm. Increased winter hardiness, plants tolerate a drop in temperature to -27 ° C.
Bunches of medium density, weighing 220 g. Fruits weighing 3 g. Leaves are oval, three-lobed, of medium size. The taste is harmonious and simple. Ripening of the vine is at a high level.
The fruits are distinguished by high commercial qualities, however, during long-term transportation, they crumble from the brush. The harvest is stored for a long time in the refrigerator. The late December variety is suitable for industrial cultivation.
In memory of Negrul
In memory of Negrul - a late ripening grape variety obtained in Moldova. Bushes are immune to fungal diseases. The variety rarely suffers from phylloxera and other pests.
The grapes of Memory of Negrul are distinguished by good frost resistance. The vine is covered in a snowless winter. Shoots need long pruning.
Bushes quickly grow green mass. The flowers are bisexual; no pollinator is required to form the ovaries. The yield is high and stable. With prolonged rains, cracking of berries is observed.
The average weight of a bunch is 350 g, size is 12x20 cm. The bunches are loose and loose. Berries are black, weighing 5-7 g, the taste of the pulp is simple. In memory of Negrul it has a marketable appearance, it is stored for a long time in the refrigerator.
Conclusion
When choosing a late grape variety, the characteristics of the region are taken into account. These varieties are suitable for growing in warm climates. In cold regions, the berries do not always have time to ripen. Late grapes are represented by table and technical varieties.
Some can be consumed without processing or sent to the preparation of wine drinks. Late varieties are used for planting in gardens, as well as for industrial cultivation. Most of them are resistant to diseases, cold snaps and pests.
