Content
Bazhena grapes were developed relatively recently. The hybrid is distinguished by high yield rates, and also has a high resistance to many fungal diseases. However, the plant does not tolerate low temperatures well. Therefore, it is recommended to grow it mainly in the middle lane. But even in such conditions, the bushes must be covered for the winter. Let us consider in more detail the characteristics of this variety.
Description
The grapes of this variety are early maturing varieties. The fruits ripen in about three and a half months. Given the ripening rate, grapes can be grown even in colder regions. The main thing is to provide good protection for the bushes in the winter. This variety can be attributed to the earliest grape varieties that are grown in the middle lane.
However, gardeners often resort to this method in order to increase frost resistance. Bazhena has poor resistance to phylloxera. Grafting in this case can increase the plant's immunity. The variety grows quickly and takes root. Thus, a strong bush can be grown in a short time. But there are also disadvantages. We will have to carry out additional pruning of the stepsons, which will not yield a crop, but only take away the strength from the plant.
The foliage does not grow very much, so you probably won't have to remove it. This is done only when the leaves prevent the bunches from ripening. Additional pollination is not required for Bazhene, since the inflorescences are bisexual. The main advantage of the variety is its large bunches and berries (each weighs about 15 grams). The berries are yellow-green, cone-shaped. Each bunch weighs no less than 700 grams and no more than 1.5 kg. Although there are single bunches weighing up to 2 kilograms.
Based on this, the following advantages of the Bazhena variety can be distinguished:
- The variety has large berries and bunches. It is noteworthy that this is the largest-fruited grape among all the early varieties. That is why many growers grow it on their plots. The beautiful appearance of the fruit allows it to be grown for industrial purposes.
- Bazhena grapes ripen very quickly. The first fruits should be expected by mid-August.
- The variety is highly resistant to fungal diseases such as downy mildew and powdery mildew. This greatly simplifies the care of the bushes. The plant will not hurt often, and will also have a pleasant appearance. By planting such grapes, you can save money on the purchase of preventive measures.
- The Bazhena variety has very high yield rates. In order not to overload the bush, it is recommended to carry out rationing of inflorescences.
- The fruits of this variety can be stored well and for a long time in suitable conditions. In addition, the berries do not lose their attractive presentation. It is very convenient, because you can enjoy the taste of fresh grapes for a long time.
- The berries are highly resistant to temperature and humidity changes. The fruits do not crack or dry out. The taste of the grapes does not deteriorate due to weather conditions.
- Due to the presence of bisexual flowers, the grapes do not pea and do not need additional pollination. Such properties save time and effort, because there is no need to plant other grape bushes.
- The berries have a pleasant taste and aroma. Many people love Bazhena precisely because of its high sugar content and harmonious taste.The grapes can be eaten fresh, as well as used for the preparation of preservation. It makes excellent compotes and jams. The taste of compote from such grapes resembles a sweet cherry, but also has a slight sourness.
Where to plant Bazhena grapes
It is very important to select the grape variety suitable for the specific climate. Some growers neglect this important advice, and as a result, the bush does not take root and grows well. It is also important to consider the disease resistance of a particular grape variety.
In the southern part of the country, the scorching sun can burn tender shoots, so more suitable varieties should be chosen. In the northern regions, plants may freeze and simply not survive the winter. Although some growers still manage to grow the variety in cold climates. In this case, it is necessary to properly cover the bushes immediately after the onset of frost.
How to prune bushes before planting
The first step is to prepare a young grape seedling for planting. This range of activities is also suitable for other grape varieties. The prepared seedling must be pruned, both roots and shoots. The root system is cut off quite a bit, you just need to refresh the roots. It is very important that the roots do not dry out, therefore, before planting in the ground, the seedling should be dipped in diluted clay or wet sawdust. Then the container with the bush must be covered with plastic wrap. The seedling is taken out of the container just before planting.
By trimming the shoots, the root system of the bush can develop more actively. And this is the most important thing at this stage of growth. The better the bush takes root, the more chances it will endure the winter well. Moreover, this variety cannot boast of high frost resistance. Temperatures below -20 ° C can simply kill the plant. Therefore, in this case, it would be good to take care of strengthening the root system. In hot weather, long and strong roots will provide the bush with the necessary amount of moisture.
Only one shoot is left on the bush, all unnecessary ones should be cut off. This shoot must be the strongest and strongest. Then it also needs to be shortened. Two or three buds are counted from the roots, and the rest is cut off. Such a grape seedling is completely ready for planting.
Landing technology
The place for growing Bazhena must be well lit. In a temperate climate, and even in a shaded place, it will not be possible to grow a good harvest. These early and large-fruited varieties especially require a lot of sunlight and nutrients. In infertile soil, it will not be possible to grow large and sweet berries, and the amount of the harvested crop will not be so generous.
Best of all, the Bazhena variety grows in black soil. Loose and light soil is ideal conditions for good growth of the bush and the fruits themselves. Loose soil allows the root system to grow freely and receive all the necessary substances from the ground. But even such soil needs regular loosening of the soil, so do not forget about caring for the site.
It is very important to make the pit the correct size. In a hole that is too deep, the seedling will develop slowly and will not reach the desired height soon. In a small and shallow hole, grapes may simply freeze during wintering, and the roots will not be able to extract the necessary nutrients.
Do not forget about feeding the grapes. This can be done even from autumn before planting a bush. Organic fertilizers are poured into the hole and left until spring. Then, during planting of the seedling, additional minerals can be added.The amount of such fertilizers directly depends on the fertility of the soil.
You can prepare a nutritious soil mixture yourself. To do this, they take soil from their site, phosphorus-based fertilizers and peat. You can also add wood ash (up to 2 kg) and humus in an amount of about 20 kg to the mixture. Sand must also be added to dense soil. The dug hole is filled by a third with the resulting mixture. Then a seedling should be placed in the pit. Its roots should be at a depth of 40 cm. After that, the bush is covered with a mixture of sand and soil. The land around the seedling must be tamped and watered. You shouldn't feel sorry for water. To grow beautiful and tasty fruits, you will have to take care of timely and abundant watering of the grapes.
Prevention of diseases and pests
These grapes rarely get sick, which greatly facilitates care. It is highly resistant to most fungal diseases. From time to time, of course, it is necessary to prevent all kinds of diseases and pests. Most often, the autumn and spring spraying of the bushes with iron or copper sulfate is performed.
It is important to take into account some rules:
- the solution is prepared according to the instructions;
- spraying is carried out even before bud break;
- the weather must be dry so that the rains do not wash the composition off the surface.
If the grapes are sick, you will have to use more powerful drugs. It is better to do this early so that the fungus does not spread to all the bushes in the vineyard. Pests rarely disturb this variety. It was noticed that only phylloxera is a frequent visitor to the Bazhena plantings. You can protect the crop using a phylloxera-resistant stock. This is the most reliable and effective way.
Conclusion
In this article, the high-yielding variety Bazhena was examined in detail. It is an early hybrid with large bunches and berries. The photo clearly shows how large the grapes can reach. We also offer a video for your viewing, which briefly tells about this grape variety and its care.
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