Content
- 1 At what temperature to dry walnuts
- 2 How to dry walnuts at home
- 3 How to dry walnuts in the oven without shells
- 4 How to dry inshell walnuts in the oven
- 5 How to dry walnuts in an electric dryer
- 6 How to microwave dry walnuts at home
- 7 How to dry walnuts in the sun
- 8 How much to dry walnuts and how to check readiness
- 9 Terms and conditions of storage
- 10 Conclusion
It is imperative to dry walnuts before chopping. The procedure is an intermediate step, however, it is extremely important. Thus, it will be possible to prevent the multiplication of infections and fungus, which penetrate into the shell and provoke rotting of the nucleus. The retention of quality affects the taste and future market value of the product.
At what temperature to dry walnuts
The determining factors for artificial drying of walnuts are temperature and air circulation rate. The ideal temperature for fast and high-quality drying of fruits is + 56-57 ° С. The maximum indicator is + 62 ° С. If the temperature is higher than the specified parameters, then the kernels will acquire an unpleasant taste.
How to dry walnuts at home
If long-term storage is planned after harvesting the fruits, then by all means they should be dried. At home, there are several methods for implementing this process.
- In a natural way - in the sun or in a dry, protected from precipitation room.
- Artificially - using an oven, microwave oven, electric dryers.
The latter method has a number of positive aspects: drying takes place much faster in electrical appliances than in the sun. Does not depend on weather conditions, can be performed at any time of the year. However, the amount of fruit that can be dried at the same time will be significantly less.
How to dry walnuts in the oven without shells
After collecting from walnuts, it is necessary to remove the shell, get the kernels. Spread out on a baking sheet, then put in the oven, which was preheated to a temperature of 50 ° C. Drying time is 20-40 minutes. For even heating, do not forget to stir.
It is important to keep the door to the oven slightly ajar so that condensation does not accumulate, and the process goes faster. It is not advised to increase the temperature in the oven, as this will lead to the appearance of bitterness.
How to dry inshell walnuts in the oven
To dry the nuts to the desired state, you do not need to rush and preheat the oven to the maximum. Thus, the fruits will be boiled, fleshy. Or it will be possible only to burn them and nothing more. You can get excellent taste if you adhere to the following algorithm:
- rinse the shells with water and spread on a towel, waiting for the water to drain;
- spread clean fruits evenly on a baking sheet;
- preheat the oven to 40-45 ° С;
- keep at this temperature for about three hours;
- the door in the oven should not be closed;
- half an hour before the end of the time, increase the temperature to 60 ° C;
- readiness is checked by breaking the shell: in well-dried fruits, the kernels easily break;
- walnuts are removed from the oven and left on the table so that they completely reach;
- if the core is soft and stringy, then the fruits are not completely dry, it is worth continuing the drying process.
How to dry walnuts in an electric dryer
In household appliances stores there are electric dryers that are designed for drying fruits, vegetables, meat, fish. Such appliances are suitable for drying walnuts.The principle of operation is as follows: the fan drives the heated air, heating the fruits from all sides. It is only necessary to control the process and turn the nuts in time.
The drying process in an electrical appliance takes an average of 5-6 hours. This is with a minimum load, otherwise you will have to do several approaches. In the intervals between dryings, you should try the readiness of the fruits.
How to microwave dry walnuts at home
- Walnut kernels are washed under running water.
- Then sprinkle on a towel, allowing the water to drain completely.
- Put in a mold in one layer.
- They put it in the microwave for 8 minutes at a power of 750 kW or 1000 kW, then 4 minutes will be enough.
- The hot kernels are allowed to cool on the table.
- As a result, the nuts become light brown.
How to dry walnuts in the sun
Drying walnuts naturally is the most laborious and time consuming method. Since the quality and taste of the fruit will depend on the amount of moisture inside the fruit. Drying in the sun is considered the oldest but common method.
Walnuts are scattered on an oilcloth or wooden pallet in one layer. Turn them over several times a day. The structure is installed in a sunny area. The main disadvantage of this method is the unpredictability of weather conditions. At any moment it may rain or the temperature will drop significantly. Therefore, you need to be prepared for this. In bad weather, bring the nuts to a warm, dry place. For the process, it is advisable to guess a period without precipitation, with warm sunny days. Fogs and morning dew will also negatively impact the drying speed.
Sorting is not necessary beforehand. The use of trays and stacks will greatly speed up the process. After all, good air circulation will be ensured.
Duration of drying walnuts in the sun is 3-6 days. Under unfavorable conditions, the procedure can take up to 10-12 days. It all depends on the weather.
In especially humid regions, walnuts are dried in special drying barns. Where the fruits lie on special shelves, and the weather does not affect the duration of the process in any way.
How much to dry walnuts and how to check readiness
The time it will take to get tasty and dry nuts is difficult to determine in advance. It all depends on the size of the fruit, the chosen drying method, the degree of ripeness and the level of moisture.
Under ideal conditions, you can dry them naturally in 4-5 days. But if there are problems with weather conditions, then the process can be delayed. Thus, the duration will already be two weeks.
By choosing artificial methods, the time frame is significantly reduced. The drying speed of the fruits is on average 1-2 days, maybe faster.
To check the readiness of walnuts, you need to split the shells of at least two fruits. The quality of the kernel is assessed:
- there is no excess moisture;
- dense, not soft consistency;
- the pulp should break easily;
- thin skin;
- the presence of dry membranes;
- brown kernel color;
- the taste is crispy, pleasant without bitterness.
If the nuts do not meet these parameters, they should be dried. Otherwise, even if the recommended storage conditions are observed, they may become moldy and rot.
Terms and conditions of storage
Walnuts should be stored in such a way that they do not lose their nutritional properties and useful components. It is better to store unpeeled fruits in plastic or wooden boxes, nets. The main thing is that they "breathe" in the container, that is, they are well ventilated. Then the appearance of mold is excluded.
Optimum parameters of temperature and humidity conditions: 0-10 ° С and humidity within 60%.The room should be dry, free from unpleasant odors, well ventilated. Inshell walnuts can be stored for up to 3 years.
Peeled, dried walnuts can be stored in the refrigerator for 2-12 months, in a closet or other dark place, the shelf life is 2-4 months. However, the frozen kernels have the longest period. You can keep them in the freezer for 1-3 years at a temperature of - 18 ° C. After defrosting, you need to fry in a pan to give a characteristic taste or reheat in the microwave.
Another way to store nuts is to harvest them for the winter. Peeled kernels are placed in a jar and poured with fresh honey in a 1: 2 ratio, respectively. Such honey infusions are stored in the refrigerator for up to 12 months.
A glass jar, a bag made of natural material, a cardboard box, vacuum bags are suitable as containers. It is important to remember that peeled kernels are afraid of sunlight and absorb unpleasant odors.
Conclusion
Drying walnuts at home is easy. It is only necessary to follow the proven recommendations. Raw fruits have a moisture content of 40%. Storage is impossible without preliminary drying. The kernels will become bitter and unusable.
