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Duke Nochka is a cherry-cherry hybrid. His homeland is Donetsk (Ukraine). Cherry Nochka has many advantages, for the implementation of which it is important to plant the culture correctly, properly care for it.
Description of the cherry variety Nochka
VCG Nochka was bred by Lilia Ivanovna Taranenko, an honored agronomist. This variety appeared thanks to the American fast-growing cherry hybrid Nord Star and the large-fruited cherry Valery Chkalov.
From cherries, the hybrid received large buds, straight shoots of dark brown color. They are covered with branches with a smooth bark. Cherry leaves Nochki with clearly defined convex veins on the reverse side, resemble cherry leaves in appearance, but exceed them in size. The foliage is dark green, dense. The front side of the hybrid leaf plates is glossy.
The popularity of Nochka cherry is largely due to its versatility in relation to possible growing regions. The tree feels best in the Middle Lane, southern regions. Due to its frost resistance, Nochka cherries can be grown in areas with severe winters, the yield will not be affected, but it will be necessary to properly prepare the cherries for wintering.
Height and dimensions of the Nochka cherry tree
The night is a low tree, it grows about 2.7-3.2 m. A wide pyramidal crown was transmitted from the cherry to the duke.
Description of fruits
The night produces large rounded berries that resemble hearts because of the hollow at the stalk. The average weight of cherry fruits is 7-10 g. The inflorescence is a cluster, on which there may be 6-8 berries.
Cherry Nochka fruits have a maroon skin and black tint. There is a large bone inside, it is easily separated.
Berries Nochki with a very juicy burgundy-red pulp combine the taste qualities of the parents of the hybrid - cherry aroma, inherent sour cherry. The hybrid has a high tasting score - 4.6 out of a possible 5 points.
The berries hold firmly on the stalks, do not crumble when ripe. They are not baked in the sun.
It was the dark red color with the dark tint of the fruit that gave the name to Nochka
Pollinators for Duke Nochka
The cherry hybrid is self-fertile - it is pollinated by its own pollen by a maximum of 1.3%, if weather conditions are favorable. The flowering time depends on the weather conditions. In warm weather, Nochka blooms in mid-May. If the region is cool, then cherry budding occurs in early June.
The best pollinator for the Nochka hybrid is sweet cherry Tenderness - 13% according to the research results. This combination ensures the maximum yield of the hybrid.
This variety is recommended for the Astrakhan region and the North Caucasus region.
Certain varieties of cherries can be pollinators for Nochka cherries:
- Lyubskaya;
Cherry is suitable for the North-West, Central, Central Chernozem, North Caucasian, Central, Lower Volga regions
- Meteor;
Cherry is recommended for the Central Black Earth, southern regions
- Youth;
Cherry is suitable for the Moscow region, the Urals
- Nord Star.
Cherry is common in Ukraine, Belarus, Russian central, southern regions
Main characteristics of Cherry Nochka
Before planting a hybrid, you need to familiarize yourself with its basic characteristics. This is important to ensure proper care of the plant.
Drought resistance, frost resistance of Nochka cherries
Cherry Nochka is drought-resistant, not afraid of heat. Coupled with undemanding watering, this makes the variety desirable in the southern arid regions.
The birthplace of Nochka cherry is a warm region, but at the same time it is frost-resistant. Duke tolerates temperatures well down to -30-35 ° C.
Yield
Cherry Nochka is a fast-growing variety. After planting, the first fruiting occurs in the third year.
Nochka cherries ripen at the end of July. In cooler regions, where flowering begins later, the harvest time is also shifted.
The yield of Nochka cherries reaches 20-25 kg per tree. This indicator depends on several factors:
- cherry age - the peak is considered to be 12 years, then the yield decreases;
- compliance with the rules of care - pruning, watering, dressing, preparation for winter;
- damage by diseases, pests.
If transportation or storage is planned, then the fruits of the hybrid must be collected with petioles. The crop is consumed fresh, used for making desserts. The variety is suitable for canning, drying, freezing.
From cherries for the winter, you can prepare compote, jam or jam
Advantages and disadvantages
Many gardeners fell in love with the night for its merits:
- frost resistance;
- drought resistance;
- large berries;
- good taste and aroma;
- possibility of transportation;
- versatility in application;
- high resistance to coccomycosis.
All these pluses are opposed by only 2 disadvantages of Nochka - the self-infertility of the variety, the low yield of cherries.
Rules for planting cherries Nochka
Planting a hybrid is not difficult, especially if you have a similar experience with cherries. One of the important points is the choice of Nochka seedlings, which must meet the following requirements:
- well-developed, healthy root system;
- moist bright brown roots, there should be no damage;
- the trunk is green with clean and smooth bark;
- height 0.7-1.3 m
- age 1-2 years.
Cherry roots must be treated with a talker - mix equally mullein and clay. After processing, wrap them with a rag, place in a bag.
Recommended timing
It is better to plant the Night in early spring, before the juices begin to move. If the region is southern, then autumn planting of cherries is allowed.
Site selection and soil preparation
The Nochka tree will grow in one place for 20-25 years, therefore it is important to carefully approach the choice of the site. The following conditions are optimal:
- a small hill with a slope of 10-15 °;
- southern or southwestern slope;
- natural protection from wind from the north or northeast;
- slightly acidic or neutral soil; cherries will not grow on acidified and saline soil.
If a spring planting of Nochka cherries is planned, then the place must be prepared in the fall. To do this, you need to dig a hole, add a nutrient mixture:
- compost or humus 2-3 buckets;
- ash 2 l;
- superphosphate 0.3 kg.
How to plant correctly
Algorithm for planting cherry Nochka:
- In the pit prepared in the fall, form a small mound.
- Carefully spread the roots of the seedling, place it on a mound.
- Cover the earth with layers, compacting each of them.
- Do not deepen the root collar. The vaccination site should rise 2-3 cm above the ground.
- Form a near-trunk circle and an earthen roller in diameter.
- Water the bush abundantly, mulch it. You need 2-3 buckets of water for a cherry bush.
If the site was not processed in the fall, then at least 2 weeks before planting the cherries, all preparatory procedures must be carried out.
Be sure to apply organic fertilizers - manure, humus, poultry droppings
Care features
The main care for cherries Nochka is watering, dressing, pruning. It is important to carry out each stage correctly and in a timely manner.
Watering and feeding schedule
Nochka is a drought-resistant variety and has a negative attitude towards waterlogging. Watering cherries is needed in the following periods:
- before flowering, if the weather was dry;
- during budding, ovary growth, if there are dry days;
- after harvest;
- before cold weather - such irrigation is called moisture-charging.
When growing cherries of Nochka, it is necessary to make additional fertilizing. This is necessary for good growth and development of the duke, a rich, high-quality harvest. Follow the schedule:
- Spring feeding of cherries. Ammonium nitrate, urea, nitroammophos are introduced. For 1 m² you need 20-30 g of fertilizer. They bring it in for digging.
- Flowering duke. For 1 m², 5-6 kg of humus or compost are applied. Effectively use fertilizer for mulching after watering.
- Autumn, when the berries are picked. During this period, after watering, it is necessary to make a liquid top dressing. It is necessary to add 0.5 liters of bird droppings or 1 liter of mullein to a 10-liter bucket of water, leave for 1.5 weeks, then dilute in 5 parts of water. For 1 m² you need 3-3.5 liters of fertilizer.
Pruning
The need for such a procedure arises when the Nochka tree turns 5-6 years old. By this time, it is completely rooted and strengthened.
The height of an adult tree rarely exceeds 3 m, therefore, the cherries do not need formative pruning.
The night needs sanitary pruning when damaged, dry and diseased branches are cut. Such work is carried out in early spring or late autumn, when there is no sap flow.
Cherries also need rejuvenating pruning, it is necessary to remove drooping branches that no longer bear fruit. Such procedures are carried out until the plant is 15 years old.
Preparing for winter
Cherry Nochka is a frost-resistant hybrid, but still it needs to be prepared for winter:
- Whitewash the stem and skeletal branches when the leaves fall. This will protect the bark from temperature extremes at the end of winter, premature heating of wood during it.
- Cover the cherry for the winter. Such protection is required by the roots of Nochka, since for the most part they are located in the upper layers of the soil. In an area with frosty winters and a small snow cover, the trunk circle should be mulched. For this, sawdust, straw, foliage, humus are suitable. A layer of mulch of 15-20 cm is enough.
Diseases and pests
With a high resistance to coccomycosis, Nochka cherry is not protected from other fungal diseases. The following troubles can hit the hybrid:
- Hole spot called clasterosporium disease. First, small black dots appear, which in 2 weeks grow to red-burgundy circles. Inside them, the leaf dries up, holes appear. The foliage dries up, falls off. Before flowering, Nitrafen is used to process cherries, after which biofungicides - Quadris, Horus.
Hole spotting spreads quickly and is hard to miss
- Monilial burn called moniliosis. Shoots, leaves, cherry stalks are affected. The disease is manifested by blackening, sagging of the affected parts, and can lead to the death of the tree. The preparations are used as in the case of perforated spotting.
Affected cherry shoots are cut out, capturing 0.2-0.3 m of healthy wood
The hybrid can also suffer from pests:
- Cherry fly. The cherry pest appears when warmth comes, the first food is sweet aphid secretions. Caterpillars feed on ripe berries.
Fighting the pest is simple - you need to get rid of the cherry aphid
- Weevil. It feeds on young shoots, leaves and cherry flowers. Until the temperature reaches 10 ° C, beetles can be shaken off at night or early in the morning on a cloth or film to destroy.
When it gets warmer, only fungicides such as Decis, Nitrafen, Fufanon will save from the pest.
- Slimy Sawer. It looks like a hybrid of a slug and a caterpillar, 4-6 cm in size. It eats cherry leaves, leaving only veins. For prevention, autumn digging of the soil is needed, if larvae are found, collect them manually or wash them off with a stream of water.
If the damage to cherries is massive, then you will have to use insecticides
- Aphid. For prevention, it is necessary to destroy anthills on the site, to combat use systemic insecticides such as Iskra, Fitoferma.
The main danger of aphids is a pest that multiplies rapidly.
Conclusion
Duke Nochka is a cherry-cherry hybrid with excellent taste and aroma. It can be grown in different regions, the plant is not afraid of droughts and frosts. Proper care and timely prevention of diseases will ensure a good harvest of the Night.
