Content
The Brusnitsyna cherry variety of the bush type has become widespread in areas with harsh climatic conditions due to its winter hardiness and self-fertility. The unpretentious, compact plant is quite fruitful, and begins to bear fruit when most of the berries have already departed.
Breeding history
The Brusnitsyn bush cherry variety is widespread in amateur gardens, but is not included in the State Register. In the Urals, the variety is considered a successful and durable example of folk selection. It survives the harsh Ural winters and is therefore very popular in this region. Recently, the Brusnitsyna variety has begun to spread widely in other areas, along with the expansion of the range of undemanding bush cherries.
Description of culture
Cherry of the Brusnitsyna variety grows in the form of a spreading bush, which reaches a height of only 2 m. Over the summer, 30-35-centimeter shoots, densely covered with bright green foliage of medium size, depart from strong and flexible skeletal branches. The edges of the elongated leaf are serrate, the apex is pointed. By the end of spring, the branches are covered with white foam flowering. The corolla is small, about 2 cm. When ripe, the berries generously load the branch.
The fruits of this variety are medium-sized, round, intensely red. Weight - 4-6 g. The berries are juicy, with a deep red pulp. The taste of berries in the Brusnitsyna bush cherry is refreshing sweet and sour.
Cherries are great for growing in northern areas. According to gardeners' reviews about Brusnitsyn's cherry, who experimented with planting it in the Arkhangelsk region, the variety bears excellent fruit in harsh regions.
Characteristics
The features of the unpretentious, persistent and productive variety Brusnitsyna are clearly reflected in the qualities of the tree itself and juicy berries.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The bush form of Brusnitsyna cherry is capable of withstanding low temperatures, but 2-3-year-old seedlings should be protected with spruce branches. Bush-type cherries are also drought-resistant due to their developed root system. Although when planting in the southern regions for the Brusnitsyna variety, it is better to choose a place with light partial shade, and not in the sun.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
Late ripening Brusnitsyna cherry blossoms in the third decade of May. Inflorescences are formed directly on the shoots. A feature of the Brusnitsyna cherry variety is the long-term viability of pollen. Experts call the period up to 2-3 weeks. Due to self-fertility, 40% of the berries are formed on the tree of this variety. With pollinators planted nearby other varieties of cherries, the number of ovaries increases. Gardeners also note that near another bush-type cherry (for example, Mayak), Brusnitsyna pleases with a very bountiful harvest. The berries turn red, juiced and enriched with sugars in August.
Productivity, fruiting
Cherry seedling Brusnitsyn gives the first berries in the third or fourth year after planting. 15-20 kg of berries are harvested from one adult bush, subject to the care requirements. The stalks of the berries are located directly on the shoots, which turn red from the fruit by the end of summer.
Scope of berries
The fruits of the Brusnitsyna cherry variety are universal. Juicy berries are suitable for fresh consumption. All kinds of homemade products are created from them, frozen or dried in electric dryers.
Disease and pest resistance
The Brusnitsyna cherry variety has strong immunity. Only in years with favorable conditions for the development of fungal diseases, the culture is partially affected by coccomycosis and moniliosis. From attacks of garden pests, it is worth carrying out the usual early spring prevention. To destroy the outbreaks of insects hibernating in the garden, the fallen leaves are removed, the damaged branches are cut off and burned. The soil near the cherry bushes is loosened with a turnover of a not thick, up to 6-7 cm, layer.
Advantages and disadvantages
According to its main characteristics, the Brusnitsyna cherry variety is an excellent find for lovers of gardeners who grow trees and bushes in harsh climatic conditions with short summers. It has the following advantages:
- high productivity;
- refreshing berry taste balanced in acidity and sweetness;
- self-fertility;
- compactness of the plant;
- resistance to low temperatures;
- the ability to painlessly endure short-term dry periods;
- good immunity.
In the gardeners' reviews, of the disadvantages of the Brusnitsyna variety, only the predominance of the sour taste of berries is indicated in comparison with other varieties.
Landing features
For the successful cultivation of cherries of the Brusnitsyna variety, a suitable place and planting period are chosen.
Recommended timing
Cherry Brusnitsyna takes root well, planted in early spring, after warm weather sets in. This statement is true for open-root seedlings. If the gardening farm offers planting material in containers, the Brusnitsyna seedlings can be transplanted into open ground until mid-September.
Choosing the right place
For cherries, select the southern or southwestern side of the garden, where there will be enough lighting for it. In the central regions, a tree of the Brusnitsyna variety is placed in a spacious, sunny place. In the south of the country, low-growing bush cherries are best planted in light partial shade.
It is important to observe the following recommendations when planting cherries:
- Places with stagnant water or low-lying areas are not suitable for planting Brusnitsyn cherries.
- If there are no hills, raised ridges up to 0.5 m high are made, and seedlings are planted on them;
- Sandy loam and loamy soils are the best for cherry crops;
- On heavy soils, sand, peat and humus are added to the holes;
- Clay and humus are added to peat soils;
- The optimal composition of the soil for planting seedlings of Brusnitsyn should have neutral acidity. The acidic soil is alkalized with lime.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
Brusnitsyna is self-fertile, but the yield will increase if cherries of other varieties or sweet cherries grow in the garden. Low plants can be planted nearby: currants, honeysuckle, hawthorn. Raspberries, gooseberries, nightshades are unwanted neighbors, as they can become a source of spread of fungal diseases. Tall apricots, apple trees, lindens, any conifers are also undesirable to plant next to cherries.
Selection and preparation of planting material
Before planting Brusnitsyn cherries, the roots and trunk of the seedlings are carefully examined, rejecting dried and damaged specimens. The height of the trunk to the branches is at least 60 cm, the thickness is within 2 cm.
The branches should be firm, long, with well-developed buds. Before planting, the roots are soaked in a mixture of water, clay, and a growth stimulant (optional).
Landing algorithm
Fertilizers are added to the hole for planting a Brusnitsyna cherry seedling to the required substrate: horse humus, 500 ml of wood ash, 1 tbsp. l. potassium chloride and 2 tbsp. l. superphosphate.
Further actions:
- They hammer in a peg, to which a tree will subsequently need to be tied;
- A seedling is placed in the planting hole and sprinkled with a prepared substrate. The root collar remains above the surface;
- Watering the hole, the earth is mulched;
- The branches are cut by one third.
Follow-up care of the culture
Like any fruit and berry crop, Brusnitsyn's cherry needs care. To obtain high yields, it is necessary to carry out the following measures in a timely manner:
- In the absence of rain in June and July, watering is necessary to fill the berries and support the tree, which lays the buds of future flowers during this period.
- In August, cherries are not watered if there is natural precipitation. Otherwise, shoots will actively grow and weaken the tree before winter.
- Shoots of Brusnitsyna cherry varieties grow very quickly. In spring pruning, the bush is shaped and the crown is thinned out. In the fall, root shoots are removed;
- the soil is loosened shallowly.
- The Brusnitsyna variety is fertilized before flowering and during the formation of fruits with organic matter or ready-made mineral complexes according to the instructions.
- Before winter, the seedling is protected from frost and rodents with spruce branches.
You can learn more about the rules for pruning bush cherries from the video clip:
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases / pests | Signs | Control methods | Prophylaxis |
Moniliosis | Branches and leaves are brown | Copper treatment in spring and autumn | Destruction of diseased branches, collection of leaves in autumn |
Coccomycosis | Brownish-red rounded spots on the leaves | Fungicide treatment | Sprinkling in spring with copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture |
Scab | It rarely appears as scabs on berries | 2 treatments in June after 15 days with fungicides Skor, Horus, Raek, Kaptan | Sprinkling in spring with copper sulfate or Bordeaux mixture |
Aphid | The leaves are twisted at the tops, with a colony of aphids | Soap solution treatment | Destroy garden ants, aphid carriers |
Conclusion
Cherry Brusnitsyna is characterized by disease resistance and endurance in cold climates. Self-fertility and high yield are the special attractive features of this variety. With minimal maintenance, gardeners get an excellent harvest of aromatic and tasty berries.
