Content
Poplar ryadovka is a mushroom that is very helpful to residents of treeless regions. It was brought there together with poplars, which were used to plant windbreak strips between fields. The advantage of rowing is that more buckets can be collected in one lane.
Description of underfloor mushrooms
The family of Ryadovkovy / Tricholomovs is so named not for "love" to geometrically correct constructions, but for crowded growth. In one place, mushroom pickers sometimes collect 1.5 buckets. Poplar ryadovka is no exception in this regard.
Its Latin name is Tricholoma populinum from the genus Tricholum. When determining a poplar row from a photo and description, it is better to focus on Latin. In the regions, the mushroom is called differently:
- underfloor;
- poplar;
- underfloor;
- poplar rowing;
- sandstone;
- sandpiper;
- buggers;
- frosts.
These are one and the same type of poplar rows, not different mushrooms. But other representatives of the Tricholomaceae family can also be called sandpots and sandstones. Fruit bodies with tricholas often “hide” underground. Hence such strange names.
But ryadovki, including poisonous varieties, can be found everywhere in coniferous and deciduous forests. The real podpolnik belongs to the group of conditionally edible.
What do underfloor mushrooms look like?
Often poplar rows look like small bumps of earth. Some amateurs even look for them with rubber shoes: a hard lump is well felt under the thin sole. The leg is medium in size: 2-10 cm. Most often, it is about 4 cm high. The diameter (2-4 cm) is almost the same along the entire length. Only at the very mycelium, the leg barely noticeably thickens.
Inside, the leg is dense, without cavities, fleshy. The consistency is dry. The color is pinkish brown (old) or pinkish white (young). The surface can be smooth or fibrous. Covered with flaky scales. When pressed, brown spots remain on the stem.
In a young underfloor, the cap is in the shape of a hemisphere. The edges are thin and curved inward towards the stem. As it grows, the cap straightens out, becomes fleshy and slightly curved. The skin is pinkish brown. It becomes slippery in rainy weather.The diameter of the cap is 6-12 cm.
The hymenophore of a young underfloor is white; with age, the plates become pink-brownish. The flesh is white, but under the skin of the cap it has a brownish color. Becomes brown at the break. Opinions about the smell vary. Reference books usually indicate the pleasant aroma of fresh flour. But some mushroom pickers believe that the poplar ryadovka smells like soap. In fact, there is a high probability that poplar is confused with soap. The latter really smells like fruity soap.
And the reason for the discrepancies, apparently, is confusion again.
Where do the floodplains grow
Distributed in the south of Russia and Siberia. They are also found in Europe. They live in symbiosis with poplars, so this species can only be found in natural poplar groves and artificial windbreaks.
The peculiarity of the poplar row is that it grows in large groups and is not found in ordinary deciduous forests. She forms a symbiosis with poplars and prefers sandy soil. But due to the fact that usually the experience of picking mushrooms is passed on from generation to generation, confusion often arises with the names. This is how various "false underfloormen" appear, but in the photo in this case you can usually see another row. And it's also good if this species is edible.
It must be remembered that this poplar row is a satellite of poplars. In mixed and coniferous forests, other rows grow. Often no less tasty, but not poplar.
When the floodplains grow
The gathering time for the underfloor population is mid-August - early October. For harvesting and preparing fresh mushrooms, the underfloor mushrooms are collected young, the cap has not yet opened. Fruiting bodies at this age are hard, there are almost no worms in them.
A kind of underfloor
Strictly speaking, there are no varieties of underfloormen. There are more than 2500 species of the common family. Here are some of them and are considered varieties of the same mushroom. Rows can be taken for the underfloor:
- crowded;
- gray;
- earthy;
- green;
- brown;
- leopard.
Since these species have a similar growth mechanism (almost underground), they are often mistaken for subfloor varieties. The fact that the places of growth, the description and photos of these mushrooms do not coincide with the sandpipers, few people care. Maximum, will be called a false sandpit / row.
Most likely for the appearance. But the Valui has not the slightest relation to the ordinary ones: this is a family of russula. In the photo, not one of the types of floodplains, but Valui. He's a bull. It is enough to cut off the fruiting body to understand the difference: the ryadovka has a dense leg, while the valuy is hollow.
What false underfloors look like
Since in fact these are just representatives of the same family of Tricholomaceae, edible and even more valuable mushrooms are often called false podpolniks. At the same time, "false sandpipers", even in the photo, cannot be confused with poplar rows. In nature, however, it is almost impossible if you know to which type of tree this or that type of trichol is "attached".
Edible ordinary
Quite valuable mushrooms, which generally grow either under birches or in coniferous forests, are taken for false podpolniki. An inexperienced mushroom picker can be scared away by the adjective "false" from several edible and tasty rows:
- gray;
- green / greenfinch;
- crowded;
- matsutake.
The latter is considered a delicacy in Japan and has almost been destroyed.
Gray row (Tricholoma portentosum)
Other names:
- little mice;
- sub-base;
- sirushka;
- the row is streaky.
It differs from poplar in the gray color of the cap and the species of trees necessary for the mycelium. Forms mycorrhiza with pine. Grows in coniferous and mixed forests. Like poplar, it loves sand. Can be found together with green tea.
The fruiting seasons of mice and poplar rows coincide in September-October. But in the south of Russia, the gray hat grows up to frost and is never found under poplars.
A good video of a forest, where there are no floodplains, but there are many gray rows.
Green row (Tricholoma equestre)
She is:
- greenfinch;
- jaundice;
- brilliant green;
- golden;
- lemon.
Grows on sandy soils in coniferous forests. Mixed "likes" less, but also occurs. Caught one at a time or in small groups of 5-8 fruiting bodies. The fruiting season is from September to frost. Common mushroom in the Northern Hemisphere.
Crowded row (Lyophyllum decastes)
It does not belong to Tricholomovs. This is a representative of the lillophilum family. But some of the species of this family are also called ryadovki in everyday life. Synonyms for the names group ryadovka and crowded lyophillum.
Young poplar and group rows can be confused. They have a similar shape and color. But lyophyllum is smaller in size. There is nothing wrong with confusion, since both are edible.
Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake)
There are no synonyms. In Japanese, the name means "pine mushroom". Grows in symbiosis with conifers. The main condition for the survival of this species is poor soil. In the case of improving the quality of the soil, a large amount of rotting organic residues, the fungus dies.
Distributed in the northern regions of Eurasia and America. It is imported to Japan from Scandinavia and Finland.
Outwardly, matsutake is very similar to poplar ryadovka, but it differs in smell and taste. Depending on the region, the aroma of the mushroom is either pine or cinnamon-like.
Inedible rows
Among the true rowings of the genus Tricholum, there are relatively few of them. But the genera of talkers and mushrooms also belong to the Tricholomov family.
In the latter, false honey fungus is best known. Among the talkers there are many poisonous species, but they differ from the real rows in their concave caps. It is difficult to confuse talkers with edible rows.
But even among the tricholas there are poisonous species. Most similar to the poplar ryadovka spotted. Leopard still needs to be confused with other types of mushrooms besides fly agarics.
Spotted row (Tricholoma pessundatum)
Second name: ruined. Weakly poisonous mushroom. May cause poisoning if confused with edible rows. Dangerous in that it is very similar to poplar. The hat is brown, the smell and taste are mealy, like that of the underfloor.
The fact that this mushroom also grows in forests with conifers saves from poisoning. Near poplars can be found only if pines, spruces and other similar trees grow nearby. Grows throughout Eurasia and North America. Fruiting season from September.
Leopard row (Tricholoma pardinum)
She is tiger and poisonous. It is easy to confuse it with a serushka, but not with a sub-field. Poisonous ryadovka hat in different gray color options. Leopard or tiger ryadovka is named for the characteristic pattern of the cap, formed by the skin bursting during growth. The network of cracks resembles leopard spots or tiger stripes.
Grows in coniferous and beech forests, preferring calcareous soil. Rare. Distributed in the Eurasian and North American continents. It is quite rare. Fruiting season in August-October.
Edible mushrooms or not
Podpotolniki - mushrooms are not poisonous. Unless they were confused with a brown row. It is considered poisonous because of its bitter taste. To conduct an experiment and find out whether it is edible or not, no one has yet dared.
Poplar trees are edible only after preliminary preparation. And it's not even about the unpleasant taste, but about the particles of the soil. These mushrooms are called sandpipers for a reason. Most of them grow underground. When harvested, many soil particles remain on the fruit bodies.
The benefits and harms of underflood mushrooms
The main benefit from poplar tricholas is received by the pharmaceutical industry. They are used to make antibiotics that can fight Koch's bacillus. Poplar trees are rich in vitamins A, C, B. But how much a person is able to assimilate these vitamins is unknown.There is an opinion that mushroom pulp is poorly absorbed by the human gastrointestinal tract and comes out practically unchanged. But even in this case, the benefits are undeniable: mushrooms stimulate the intestines.
There is also another belief: poplar rows can replace meat. But this opinion applies to the entire department of Basidiomycetes. And the obstacle is the same as for vitamins: the human gastrointestinal tract is not able to break down and assimilate fungal cells. But if this somehow succeeds, then yes, the meat can be replaced.
The harm from poplar rows is no more than from other edible mushrooms: they are able to absorb harmful substances from the environment. The underfloormen collected along the road can be seriously poisoned. Any higher mushrooms are considered heavy food. In case of overeating, the following are possible:
- flatulence;
- pain and heaviness in the stomach.
Poplar rows are no exception, so they should not be abused either.
Rules for collecting poplar row
When collecting sandpipers in an artificial strip of poplar, you need to pay attention to the remoteness of busy roads. You need to go deep into the forest at a distance of at least half a kilometer. If the collection takes place in windbreak strips, then you will have to leave 1-1.5 km from the road, since harmful substances spread further over the fields.
It is better to collect the poplar variety of rows on a cool day after the last rains. Then you can get a really big harvest. You need to take only young fruiting bodies. They have a pink hymenophore and unopened caps.
If you find an old specimen, it makes sense to carefully examine the area around. Most likely, whole groups of young poplars are hiding under the soil nearby.
Eating poplar mushrooms
Conditionally edible poplar rows cannot be used to prepare meals immediately after harvest. They are pre-soaked for at least a day in cold water. This helps to cleanse young fungi of soil particles and remove bitterness.
The water should be no higher than 16 ° C so that the harvested crop does not ferment. For better removal of bitterness and good washing, poplar rows are periodically stirred and water is often changed. Another way to reduce the bitter taste is to remove the skins from the caps.
After soaking for 1-3 days, boil the poplar rows and drain the water. After all the excess water has drained from the boiled mushrooms, the semi-finished product is ready for use.
The poplar row is universal. You can:
- fry;
- cook;
- marinate;
- salt.
Pickled and salted are used for making salads and as an appetizer. Can be used in any mushroom recipe.
Conclusion
Poplar ryadovka is a valuable mushroom that should not be looked for in pine forests. Its “attachment” to poplar trees protects mushroom pickers from poisoning by poisonous species of rowers, which can grow together with edible species in a pine forest or mixed forest.
Reviews of the poplar row
Our poplar ryadovka is almost the only mushroom that can be harvested in large quantities. There are no forests, there are only fields around with the same windbreaks. Poplars were planted then because they grow quickly. In season, underprivileged people go to all dishes. But it is better to process it immediately after returning home. And large containers are needed for soaking.
In our village they are dried, pickled and salted. It is undesirable to freeze because of the earth. Then you can't remove it from the frozen row. After defrosting, the mushroom tissues are damaged and spread.
We were tempted to go for the poplar rows. You still need to eat something, but they were told about them that they were very good. And you can type quickly and a lot. I don't know, maybe we did something wrong?
We typed really a lot and quickly. But when it was cooked ... these mushrooms had a very strange taste. Not bitterness, which could be understood, but as if the soap was full.Fragrant dressing. Well, maybe they really didn’t poplar, but some others were recruited. Then it’s good that we didn’t get poisoned.
