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Goat mushrooms, or dry boletus, are found almost everywhere in the coniferous forests of the temperate climatic zone. It happens that inexperienced mushroom pickers confuse them with other edible mushrooms (common boletus, boletus or mushroom mushrooms), or they are even afraid to put them in a basket, because they know nothing about them. In fact, fears about the kids are groundless: they are completely edible and do not have false poisonous counterparts. The taste of dry butter is perhaps less expressive than that of their famous ordinary "counterparts", but if you choose the right recipe and cook them correctly, the result will undoubtedly delight fans of mushroom dishes.
What do kids' mushrooms look like
To understand what the goat mushrooms are, the photo will help:
Dry oiler is a tubular mushroom. His cap is smooth, slightly flattened, yellow-brown, reddish-ocher or light beige in color. In young mushrooms, its edge is white, soft and slightly curved upward. The size of the cap is average, the diameter is from 3 to 9 cm. During the rainy season, its surface is slippery, slimy and sometimes a little sticky, but if the humidity is not increased, it is dull and dry.
The pores on the underside of the cap are yellow, olive-brown or grayish in color, they look like small honeycombs. The spores are usually brownish or brownish.
The legs of the kids are pale yellow, beige or brown. They are hollow, slightly curved, cylindrical. Their length varies from 3 to 11 cm.
How they look, where they are found and what distinctive features dry boletus (goats) have, is shown in detail in the video:
What is also the name of the goat mushroom
Another popular name for a dry oil can is a goat, or a kid. According to one version, it is called that because it is often found in meadows where goats are grazed. The second version of the origin of the name associates it with the fact that these mushrooms usually grow in groups, "like a goat with kids."
When describing a dry oiler, his other popular nicknames are often used: sieve (because the lower part of the hat looks like a sieve), bog (as it often grows in swamps), boletus, sheep, cow, ivan, horned, devil.
Where dry boletus grows
Dry oiler is a mushroom that usually grows in dry coniferous forests, on acidic, sandy soils, in swampy areas or along roads.The geographic region of distribution of kids is the European and southern parts of Russia, the North Caucasus, the Far East, Siberia, the Urals.
Are there false kids mushrooms in nature?
It is known that the false kidney mushroom does not occur in nature. However, below is a photo and description of a pepper pot - a mushroom that is often confused with a dry oiler.
Peppercorns (boletus peppers) can be found in the same places as kids. They are united by the same season. This name is given to these mushrooms because of the peppery taste of their pulp.
The peppercorn cap can be 2-8 cm in diameter, its shape is convex-rounded. The surface color ranges from coppery red to light brown or "rusty". It is dry, slightly velvety, shining in the sun, but in rainy weather it becomes slimy, like a goat. The pulp is sulfur-yellow in color, friable, breaks easily. The leg is 3-8 cm long, smooth, colored to match the cap, has a cylindrical shape, can bend.
There is information that this mushroom is conditionally edible, it is referred to as an appetizer for vodka, and there is also a spicy seasoning made from a pepper pot that has been cooked for a long time. There is an opinion that the pulp of peppercorn is toxic due to the fact that it contains rare chemical compounds that are not destroyed during heat treatment and provoke oncological diseases, as well as cirrhosis of the liver. But most sources nevertheless agree that it is inedible, although not poisonous: it is undesirable to collect it, however, if it happens to be in a saucepan with the kids, it will not spoil the dish.
The main differences between dry oiler and pepper pot:
Sign | Dry boletus (kids) | Peppers |
Leg color | Yellowish, beige, brown | Matching the hat, always yellow at the base |
Hat flesh color | Pinkish, cream | Yellowish |
Pulp taste | Soft | Sharp, sharp |
Tubular layer color | Yellow, olive brown, grayish | The same color as the hat, turns reddish-brown when pressed |
How do they grow | More often in large groups | Infrequently and little by little |
Edible goat mushroom or not
Kids are edible mushrooms, however, unlike ordinary boletus, they do not have an expressive taste and aroma. Moreover, their chemical composition is quite rich (amino acids, sugars, carotene, phosphorus, magnesium, zinc, vitamins A, B, D, PP), and they are easily absorbed by the human body. It is even believed that dry boletus has medicinal properties, since their pulp contains an antimicrobial substance - nebularin.
What is the difference between boletus and kids
Butterlets and kids are mushrooms that are quite easy to confuse. Both types can be safely eaten. However, the taste and aroma of dry butter oils is noticeably poorer than that of ordinary ones.
Typical signs of kids and boletus mushrooms, in which their difference from each other is manifested:
Sign | Dry boletus (kids) | Ordinary butterflies |
Ring ("skirt") around the leg | Absent | there is |
Cap shape | In young mushrooms - neat, convex, reminiscent of a pillow; in old ones - it becomes flatter and cracks | In young mushrooms, it is closer to the shape of a hemisphere; in the old it changes to a more extended one. Solid surface throughout the entire life cycle |
Cap color | Yellow brown, ocher, beige | Yellow-brown, chocolate-brown, gray-olive |
Pores of the tubular layer | Large, irregularly shaped | Small, rounded |
How the skin is removed from the cap | With difficulties | Relatively easy |
Where, when and how to collect kids
The goat gathering season can last from July to October, depending on the climate and weather conditions. Its peak, as a rule, falls on the end of July or August.Most often, dry boletus grows in groups, but they are also found singly. The best crops can be harvested after a heavy pouring rain.
It is recommended to cut off young mushrooms, strong and intact in appearance, for example, a dry oil can in the photo:
In addition, kids are very often infested with worms without visible damage from the outside. To check if the dry oiler is not worm, at the stage of collection, the cap must be cut.
How kids cook mushrooms
Dry boletus - mushrooms for universal use. They are fried, boiled, stewed, pickled, dried and frozen. The kids are used to prepare the first and second courses, make seasonings, stuffing for pies, preparations for future use, and even make jam in syrup from fruit juice.
Before any kind of culinary treatment, dry oily oils should be prepared: cleaned of dirt, cut off the tip of the leg, spoiled or wormy places, rinse in cold, and then soak in warm water for 15-20 minutes. In most cases, they are pre-boiled and then the first broth is completely drained.
The following photos and descriptions of the dishes that can be prepared from the kids' mushrooms will help to orientate how best to dispose of the collected "prey".
How to salt goats
For salting dry butter, young mushrooms with the strongest, most beautiful caps should be selected.
The process of cooking salted goats is simple:
- it is necessary to rinse dry oil, clean them of debris and dirt;
- pour mushrooms into boiling water, add 1 tsp. salt and cook for 20 minutes on low heat;
- drain the broth;
- rinse the kids under running clean water, put them in a colander and drain;
- put the mushrooms in a prepared container for salting, sprinkling with salt (60 g per 1 kg of kids);
- add spices to taste (chopped garlic cloves, horseradish root, tarragon, dill);
- put a wooden circle on top and press down with oppression.
After 3 days, the load should be removed. You can taste the salted goats according to this recipe in a week.
How to dry goat mushrooms
The easiest way to prepare dry oils for future use is drying.
Previously, garbage is selected from the mass of mushrooms - twigs, leaves, moss remains. It is not advised to wash the kids that are planned to be dried; instead, it is advisable to thoroughly clean them with a brush or dry cloth, cleaning the contaminated areas. The legs should be separated from the caps.
There are several ways to dry kids:
- Cut the mushrooms into small pieces. String on a strong thread and hang out in the sun.
- Cut the goats into thin plates. Arrange in one layer on a flat baking sheet or on a tray and put outdoors in a sunny place. Dry mushrooms for 2-3 days, bring indoors at night.
- The fastest drying option for kids: place the mushrooms cut into slices on a baking sheet and place in an oven preheated to 80 ° C. The door should be slightly opened. From time to time, the mushrooms need to be checked and "stirred" so that they dry evenly.
Little kids fried with onions and sour cream
A simple and at the same time a win-win version of a delicious second course from dry butter will turn out if you fry them with onions, adding sour cream.
So it is quite possible to cook goat mushrooms both on weekdays and for the holiday. The photo below shows an option for serving a dish:
Preparation:
- cut the prepared kids into 3-4 parts (small ones can be left whole) and cook for 20 minutes in salted water;
- drain the broth, discard the mushrooms in a colander;
- while dry boletus drips, cut a large onion into cubes and lightly fry in vegetable oil;
- put mushrooms in a pan with onions, mix and fry together for about 5 minutes more;
- add sour cream and finely chopped dill, salt;
- stir thoroughly and turn off the heat.
Serve hot fried dry butter, garnish with herbs.
Goat salad with pickled onions
If you add boiled dry boletus with pickled onions, you get an interesting and spicy appetizer that will undoubtedly succeed even on a festive table.
Preparation:
- the kids, previously prepared, boil for half an hour in boiling salted water;
- throw in a colander, let the water drain, and the mushrooms - cool;
- at this time, peel and cut a large onion into half rings, add 2-3 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar, salt, spices to taste;
- after 30 minutes, mix the finished pickled onion with the mushrooms, add a little vegetable oil;
- try and add salt if necessary.
Conclusion
Despite the fact that goat mushrooms are inferior in taste and aroma to common butterflies, they are very useful, widespread in Russian forests and have no false similarities. They are easy to assemble and clean and require minimal effort to prepare before cooking. In order for dry butter to make a tasty and satisfying meal or preparation for the winter, you just need to successfully decide on the recipe.
