Content
Peach plum is famous for its delicious fruits and abundant harvest. The variety is common in the southern regions. In the northern regions, its subspecies is grown - the Michurin plum. This variety is an excellent option for a summer cottage, commercial use.
Breeding history of the variety
The first time a description of the Peach plum variety was mentioned in 1830. More accurate information about this Western European culture has not been preserved. Previously, a variety of plums was called Red Nectarine, Royal Rouge.
Description plum Peach
Peach plum and its subspecies, Michurin plum, are universal varieties. They can grow in the southern, northern regions:
- Krasnodar region;
- Rostov;
- Stavropol region;
- Voronezh region;
- Kursk, others.
The height of the Peach plum tree is 3-4 m on average. Young plantings grow quickly. The shape of the crown is round, similar to an inverted cone. It is of medium density, but becomes more magnificent with age. The leaves are large, oval. The fruits are large. Their weight can be from 50 to 70 g. The plum is round, slightly flattened at the top. The skin of the fruit is thick. Their color shimmers smoothly from yellow-green to purple. The pulp is tender, juicy. The fruits are fragrant. The bone inside is easily separated.
Description plum peach yellow
The history of Michurin's peach plum begins in the middle of the last century. There was a need to produce a variety that would be more resistant to a drop in temperature, and it would be possible to cultivate it in the northern regions. A seedling of the white Samara plum was pollinated with the American variety Washington. The result is a plant with delicious dessert fruits. It was named after a biologist who was engaged in a scientific experiment.
Peach yellow plum reaches 3 m. Dense crown, spreading branches, strong trunk are the main characteristics of an adult tree. The fruits of Michurin plum are yellow in color with a greenish tint. They are smaller in size. Their weight is 35-40 g. The crop is harvested in August-September. One plum gives up to 15 kg of fruit.
A photo of the plum Peaches Michurin is presented below:
Variety characteristics
The main characteristics of the peach plum must be taken into account when planting, leaving. A correctly chosen place for a plant, regular watering, timely preventive measures against diseases are the key to healthy trees and a large harvest.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
The plum variety prefers a mild, warm climate. The plant tolerates dry summer well. Timely soil moisture helps the tree in sultry summers. In the northern regions with a lower temperature regime, Michurin plum takes root better.
Pollinators Plum Peach
The barren peach plum variety needs pollinators. Best suited for this:
- Hungarian;
- Greengage;
- Mirabelle Nancy, others.
The variety blooms in July. Harvesting can be done in August.
Productivity and fruiting
Peach plum - fast-growing.The first fruits are harvested 5-6 years after planting the seedlings. The variety gives a stable harvest in the fifteenth year of life. Up to 50 kg of a juicy sweet crop are harvested from one tree. Michurin's plum ripens a little later: the fruits ripen by the end of August. The collection of yellow fruits occurs at the beginning of autumn.
Scope of berries
Plums are a great option for compotes, preserves, and jams. They make delicious wine. Ripe fruits can be frozen for later use in winter.
Disease and pest resistance
The variety can infect a variety of diseases, pests. Plum is quite resistant to their destructive influence. A combination of preventive measures and proper care will increase the level of resistance to harmful lesions.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The main benefits of the Peach Plum have made it popular among other horticultural crops:
- Early ripening. The variety matures much earlier than similar trees.
- Sweet, large fruits.
- Abundant harvests.
- Good resistance to diseases, pests.
Distinctive features of a tree must be considered when caring for a plant:
- Additional pollinators are needed for the harvest.
- Low frost tolerance. The exception is the Michurin variety.
- At low temperatures, the fruits change their taste, the yield may decrease.
Planting Plum Peach in Spring
Planting a plum tree is an easy process. It is enough to follow simple recommendations to get the most correct result.
Recommended timing
Planting of seedlings is carried out in the spring. Holes are prepared for them in the fall. Before the onset of cold weather, young plants should not be rooted. They will not have time to get stronger, they will not endure frosts, they may die.
Choosing the right place
Plum Peach prefers a sunny place, protected from drafts. It is better to choose the south side of the garden area. The nearest plantings, buildings should be located at a distance of 5 m or more from the tree. Plum loves space. Its root system will develop rapidly. Other plants should not interfere with her.
When planting Michurin plums in the northern regions, care must be taken that the place is the most illuminated, calm. The variety tolerates cold well, but additional measures to protect the tree will make it more resistant to a changeable climate.
What crops can and cannot be planted nearby
Favorable "neighbors" for the Peach plum:
- Apple tree;
- currant;
- raspberries;
- gooseberry.
Pear, cherry, sweet cherry do not take root next to this variety. The tree may not be harvested.
Selection and preparation of planting material
For the process of planting Peach plum, a standard set of tools is required:
- shovel;
- loosening device;
- fertilizer;
- water.
Landing algorithm
The creation of favorable conditions for the growth of the Peach plum begins with the planting process. The choice of place and soil is of great importance. The variety loves fertile, not waterlogged soil. The groundwater level should be checked. A simple sequence of actions for planting seedlings contributes to the rapid growth of the tree, a good harvest:
- The cutting hole must be at least 50 cm deep and 70 cm in diameter. It is prepared in the fall.
- Part of the soil from the pit is mixed with compost, coal, and other fertilizers.
- A 1 m long stake is placed at the bottom of the hole. A seedling is tied to it. This will provide additional fixation, wind resistance.
- The roots of the cutting are straightened. They should be about 5 cm from the bottom of the hole.
- They begin to cover the young tree with pre-prepared soil, tamping each new layer.
- The planting is watered with two buckets of water.
Plum follow-up care
Measures for the care of the Peach plum do not require a lot of effort, time, and resources. Simple recommendations can be easily followed even by a novice gardener:
- Regular watering. During the flowering period (May-June), ripening of the fruits (August-September), it needs careful soil moistening. After watering, the soil is loosened.
- Fertilizer. To stimulate intensive growth and development of the plant in the fall, it is fed with manure, mineral supplements.
- Pruning. The procedure is necessary for the formation of the crown of the plant. It begins to be carried out from the first year after planting. Annual shoots are shortened by one third.
- Disease treatment, pests.
- Preparing for winter. Temperature drops, cold air lead to burns on the bark of the plant. To avoid such damage, the plum trunk is whitewashed with diluted lime. Before the cold weather, it is covered with a special material.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Disease | Description of defeat | Control methods | Prophylaxis |
Moniliosis | Leaves, shoots dry up. The fruits shrink, disappear | The affected areas are sprayed with copper sulfate | Timely pruning, removal of spoiled branches |
Clasterosporium disease | Brown spot on leaves, shoots, turning into holes | Using Bordeaux liquid solution | Cut off part of the affected areas of the tree |
Rust | Red spots on foliage. Spoiled leaves fall | Wood is treated with copper oxychloride | Timely destruction of fallen leaves |
Conclusion
Peach plum will delight the owners with a rich harvest. An unpretentious variety is a worthy option for a summer cottage. Early ripening, large, juicy, sweet fruits, resistance to pests, diseases are the advantages of the variety, which make it popular among beginners and experienced gardeners.
