Content
Sweet cherry Veda is a promising variety of domestic selection. It is appreciated for its versatile fruit and high frost resistance.
Breeding history
Variety Veda was obtained at the Federal Research Center “VIK im. V.R. Williams ". Its authors were breeders M.V. Kanshina, A.A. Astakhov, L.I. Zueva. In 2007, the hybrid was accepted for state variety testing. In 2009, information about the variety is present in the State Register.
Description of culture
The Veda variety is distinguished by its late ripening and universal use of the fruit.
Description of the variety cherries Veda:
- fast-growing medium-sized tree;
- sprawling, dense, rounded crown;
- skeletal branches are at right angles;
- straight shoots of gray-green color;
- large ovoid leaves;
- the leaf plate is green, smooth, with a pointed tip.
The tree produces large white flowers, collected in triple inflorescences. Fruits are large, one-dimensional, weighing 5.1 g, heart-shaped. The color is dark red, subcutaneous dots are hardly noticeable. The skin is tender, the flesh is dark red, juicy. The juice is sweet, deep red.
Tasting properties are estimated at 4.6 points. The fruits contain 18% dry matter; 11.5% sugar; 0.7% acids. The bone is located freely and easily separates from the pulp.
The Veda variety is recommended for cultivation in the Central region of Russia (Bryansk, Vladimir, Kaluga, Ivanovskaya, Moscow, Ryazan, Smolensk and Tula regions).
Photo of cherry Veda:
Characteristics
Before planting, the characteristics of the Veda cherry variety are assessed: resistance to drought, frost, diseases and pests.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The Veda variety does not tolerate prolonged drought, especially during flowering and fruit ripening. Watering is one of the essential steps in tree care.
The frost resistance of Veda cherries is rated at a high level. The tree tolerates temperatures down to -30 ° C in winter.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
The Veda variety is self-fertile, and pollinators are required to harvest. Best pollinators for Veda cherries: Leningrad black, Jealous, Tyutchevka, Ipul, Bryanochka or other varieties that bloom at a later date.
Flowering begins in May. The crop is harvested in late June - early July.
Productivity, fruiting
The average yield, subject to the rules of planting and caring for Veda cherries, is 77 c / ha. Up to 30 kg of fruits are harvested from one tree. The peduncle is easily detached from the branch.
The fruits ripen at the same time. To avoid crumbling, it is recommended to harvest them immediately after ripening.
Scope of berries
Sweet cherries are consumed fresh, used to create fruit and berry desserts, decorate confectionery. The fruits are used in home canning for making jams and compotes.
Disease and pest resistance
The Veda variety requires protection from diseases and pests. For spraying, they purchase protective preparations that are dissolved in water.
Advantages and disadvantages
The main advantages of growing Veda cherries:
- large fruits;
- good taste;
- high winter hardiness.
Disadvantages of the Veda variety:
- requires planting a pollinator;
- takes a long time to bear fruit.
Landing features
For planting, choose healthy seedlings of the Veda variety. Terms of work are determined taking into account the climatic characteristics of the region.
Recommended timing
In warm regions, the culture is planted in the fall, 3-4 weeks before the cold snap. In the middle lane, planting is performed in the spring after the snow melts, but before bud break.
Choosing the right place
Cherry prefers illuminated slopes on the southern side of the site. The groundwater level is more than 2 m. Areas in lowlands where moisture and cold air accumulate are not suitable for planting.
The culture develops well on loam or sandy loam. Planting in soil rich in sand, clay or peat is not recommended.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
The culture grows best next to cherries and other varieties of cherries. The seedling is removed from the apple, pear and other tall trees by 4-5 m.
It is not recommended to plant a tree next to hazel, raspberries, currants, tomatoes, peppers and potatoes.
Selection and preparation of planting material
One- or two-year-old seedlings of the Veda variety are suitable for planting. The root system and crown are preliminarily assessed. There should be no traces of damage, rotting, dry areas on the tree.
The roots of the seedling are dipped in water for 2 hours, and the leaves are torn off. If the roots are dry, they are kept in water for 10 hours.
Landing algorithm
The order of planting varieties of cherries Veda:
- A hole is dug on the site with a size of 1x1 m and a depth of 80 cm.
- The fertile soil layer is mixed with 200 g of superphosphate, 50 g of potassium salt and 0.5 kg of ash.
- Part of the soil mixture is poured into the pit, soil shrinkage will occur within 2-3 weeks.
- The pit is filled with the remaining substrate and a tree is planted.
- The roots of the seedling are covered with earth.
- The soil in the near-trunk circle is watered abundantly.
Follow-up care of the culture
Caring for cherries Veda comes down to watering, feeding and pruning. The crop needs watering before flowering, in the middle of summer and in the fall in preparation for winter. For each tree, 2 buckets of water are consumed.
The culture subcortex is carried out according to the scheme:
- in early spring, 15 g of urea, superphosphate and potassium salt are introduced into the soil;
- after harvesting, the trees are sprayed with a solution of superphosphate and potassium sulfate (10 g of each substance per 10 liters of water).
The tree is pruned annually to form the crown properly. Skeletal branches and a conductor are shortened, and excess, dry and frozen shoots are completely eliminated. Pruning is done in early spring or late autumn.
Shelter is necessary only for young plantings. The tree is covered with agrofibre and spruce branches. To prevent rodents from damaging the trunk in winter, it is wrapped in a special net.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
The main diseases of the culture are shown in the table:
Name of the disease | Symptoms | Control measures | Prophylaxis |
Monilial burn | Ovaries, buds, branches and leaves turn brown and dry out. | Treatment with HOM or Horus preparations. |
|
Coccomycosis | Dark brown spots on leaves and fruits. | Spraying with a solution of the drug Abiga-Peak. |
The most dangerous pests of sweet cherry are listed in the table:
Pest | Signs of defeat | Control measures | Prophylaxis |
Cherry aphid | The larvae feed on plant sap, as a result, the leaves curl and fall off. | Spraying trees with Iskra solution. |
|
Cherry fly | The larvae feed on the pulp of the fruit, which becomes unsuitable for harvesting. | Using duct tape traps. Wood treatment with Arriva. |
Conclusion
Cherry Veda is suitable for growing in the middle lane. Large fruits are used both fresh and for processing.
