Content
Sweet cherry Rechitsa is a frequently grown variety. Ripe berries appear when other varieties are already finishing fruiting. What you need to do to get a decent harvest for this cherry variety.
Breeding history
The variety was bred by the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Growing on the basis of the Bryanskaya rozovaya variety. The author is the breeder M.V. Kanshina. The variety was added to the State Register in 2001. It is proposed to grow it in the regions of Central Russia.
Description of culture
The tree grows quickly, the maximum height is 3 meters. The crown is not thickened, pyramidal. Has leaves of dense colors of rich greenery. The shape of the leaves is an ellipse with a pointed tip. Flowers are collected in inflorescences of three pieces, white with yellow stamens.
Cherry of the Rechitsa variety bears fruit with large rounded berries. The color of the fruit and its pulp is dark red. The berries reach 18 mm in diameter, their average weight is about 6 g. The taste of the berries is sweet, they easily break off the stalk, while remaining dry.
The central region of Russia, due to its climatic conditions and not too rich soils, is considered the most suitable for growing the Rechitsa variety.
Characteristics
It is worth considering in more detail the characteristics of the Rechitsa cherry variety.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
Sweet cherry varieties Rechitsa is not a drought-resistant plant. To obtain a high yield, you need to water every 30 days. In dry summers, this is done as soon as the soil dries up.
Rechitsa - sweet cherry is quite winter-hardy, the level of freezing is estimated at 0.2 points. This applies to both the tree and the fruit buds. Young trees are spud and wrapped in burlap for protection from animals.
Pollination, pollinating varieties, flowering and ripening periods
This tree cannot bear fruit without a pollinator. The plant is self-fertile. Pollinators for cherries of the Rechitsa variety are the Ovstuzhenka, Odritsa, Iput cherries. Sweet cherry Rechitsa begins to bloom in May, the berries become ripe by July 15-20.
Productivity, fruiting
The tree begins to bear fruit at the age of 5 years and then every year. The yield is an average of 30 kg per tree. Berries from rains do not crack and hang without falling for 10 days. But do not hesitate with the harvest, so that it does not become food for birds.
Scope of berries
The sweet berry is good fresh, like a dessert. It is used to prepare a variety of blanks. Sweet dessert liqueurs will be delicious. For winter, it is useful to freeze the berry. They do not deteriorate during transportation and can be kept refrigerated for some time.
Disease and pest resistance
Sweet cherries of the Rechitsa variety do not suffer from many diseases characteristic of this culture. Cold, wet weather can cause rotten sores on fruits and blackening of leaves.
Advantages and disadvantages
Among the advantages of the Rechitsa variety are:
- High yields every year.
- Good keeping quality of fruits.
- Resistant to excessive moisture.
- Dry separation of the berry when removed.
- Disease and pest resistance.
- High winter hardiness.
Landing features
Sweet cherry Rechitsa requires certain conditions for growing.
Recommended timing
The most preferable for the Rechitsa cherry variety is planting in the spring, it creates the opportunity for the seedling to reliably take root and strengthen itself in the winter cold. A seedling is planted three days after thawing the soil, when it is in a state of hibernation.
Autumn planting provides a large selection of seedlings. You can visually assess their condition. In the fall, you need to carefully consider the preparation of the planting site and provide the tree with a reliable shelter for the winter.
Choosing the right place
This area should be illuminated by the sun, be located in high areas, where there are no swamps and groundwater. There should be no drafts and north winds.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to cherries
It is necessary to avoid the apple and pear tree near. Their powerful roots take away nutrition and moisture from cherries. You also need to exclude linden, birch, spruce and pine from neighbors.
Cherry does not accept next to eggplants, tobacco, peppers, tomatoes. Bad neighborhood with gooseberries and raspberries. But cherries, plums and honeysuckle will have a beneficial effect on this culture.
Selection and preparation of planting material
The best for Rechitsa cherries are the seedlings formed by grafting the variety on the stock. The vaccination site should be well inspected. The seedling should have a healthy appearance and developed, intact roots. Its height is required at least one meter.
First, cherry seedlings are dipped in "Kornevin". Three hours is enough for the roots to be saturated with water.
Landing algorithm
The cultivation of sweet cherries in Rechitsa begins with the preparation of the planting site. A hole is made 60 x 60 x 60 cm in size. A mound of fertilized soil is placed in its center. A seedling is placed on it, spreading the roots.
Water is poured into the pit and the roots are covered with earth. The vaccination site is left at the soil level, without falling asleep. The soil is lightly compacted to remove air. The trunk circle is mulched with humus.
A gap of at least 3 meters is made between the trees. When several rows are formed, a distance of 4-5 meters is left between them.
Follow-up care of the culture
The main care of Rechitsa cherries is the organization of watering, fertilization, pruning. The crop requires watering in the spring during flowering. For young plantings, pour 30 liters of water under each tree. An adult, yielding plant requires 60 liters.
Dried soil will serve as a signal for mandatory watering, but you do not need to bring it to such a state.
You will need to feed the trees after the first wintering. Saplings need nitrogen fertilization. At this time, 100 g of urea should be added per 1 sq. meter. In subsequent years, complex mineral fertilizers or humus are applied. Ash is definitely needed, it enriches the soil with potassium and reduces its acidity.
It is imperative to carry out the shaping of the tree. Of the large branches, one main trunk is left. The rest should be removed. If the main trunk is damaged, the replacement is allowed to develop.
After winter, the broken and thickening branches are removed. This is the so-called sanitary pruning. Sections are washed with copper sulfate, covered with garden putty.
Cherry Rechitsa does not need winter shelter. Only young seedlings should be insulated and protected from rodents. Shortly before frost, the soil around them is mulched. The tree is protected by spruce branches, tied with a rope. To better imagine what kind of cherry culture is, you can watch the video:
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
Diseases | Description | Control measures |
Moniliosis | The berries begin to rot, the flowers and ovaries fall off. The fruits are covered with gray growths. The disease leads to the death of the entire plant. | Processing with Bordeaux mixture in spring and autumn of the entire tree and soil around. Do not thicken the crown, remove diseased parts of the tree |
Coccomycosis | It is caused by high humidity, frequent cold rains. The leaves are covered with individual brown spots, which gradually cover the entire surface of the leaf. Shedding of leaves and fruits occurs | Destruction of diseased branches by burning. Treat trees with Nitrofen solution |
Pests | Description | Control measures |
Cherry sawfly | Small black beetle with yellow stripes. Its caterpillars eat leaves and buds. With a large number of them, the tree remains bare. | Spraying with "Karbofos", "Phosphamide", "Aktara" |
Cherry beetle
| Leaves curl, beetle larvae settle in them. The beetle itself eats flower buds, which reduces the harvest. | Use the same means as against the sawfly |
Conclusion
Cherry Rechitsa deserves to create a cherry orchard on the garden plot. It does not require much attention, but by planting a sweet cherry, you can please your loved ones with a tasty and healthy berry. A garden blooming in spring will create a festive mood.
