Content
Apricot Ulyanikhinsky is a hybrid variety, deservedly loved by domestic gardeners. The reason for its popularity lies in the large number of strengths, against which the rare shortcomings inherent in the variety are not very significant.
Breeding history
For the first time, a description of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot variety was presented by its author, amateur breeder L.M. Ulyanikhin. It was obtained by crossing the Krasnoschekiy variety with a hybrid descendant of Satser and Tovarishch.
The entry about him in the State Register appeared in 2004.
Description of culture
The Ulyanikhinsky apricot tree is powerful and tall (3-4 m). It is characterized by a wide spreading crown. Its shape is round, its density is medium.
The leaves are bright green, wide, of medium size, shaped like an egg. The leaf blade is weakly curved, its edge is uneven, large serrate, raised upward. The base of the leaf is rounded, the top is sharp.
The bark of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot shoots is brown with a reddish tint. They are small, even, and grow vertically upward. The buds are small, in the form of a cone, they do not press against the surface of the shoot.
The flowers are five-petalled, white, bloom before the leaves appear.
Fruits of the Ulyanikhinsky variety are medium (26–33 g), rounded, loosely attached to the stalk. The mass of the bone is 3% of the total weight of the fruit; it is easy to separate it from the pulp. The skin of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot is thin, dense, velvety, its color is yellow with a dotted reddish blush. The pulp is juicy, fragrant, tender, yellow-orange in color.
The regions in which the Ulyanikhinsky apricot is able to show its best qualities as much as possible are the territories of the Central Black Earth Region, as well as the Oryol Region.
Characteristics
The botanical characteristics of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot variety are complemented by a brief description of its strengths and weaknesses.
Drought resistance, winter hardiness
The winter hardiness of this apricot variety is high - the plant tolerates periods of low temperatures well.
Apricot Ulyanikhinsky loves moisture, but at the same time reacts poorly to its excess, and therefore it is advised to control the degree of soil moisture.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
Ulyanikhinsky belongs to self-pollinated apricot varieties. Nevertheless, the presence of trees nearby, suitable as pollinators, can significantly increase its yield.
Proven pollinators for Ulyanikhinsky apricot - other apricot varieties:
- Comrade;
- Michurinsky is the best;
- Success;
- Red-cheeked;
- Northern Triumph.
Ulyanikhinsky apricot blooms in April.
The fruits ripen in the middle period - by the end of July.
Productivity, fruiting
The photo of Ulyanikhinsky apricot, presented below, illustrates the high yield of this variety.
He begins to bear fruit in the third year. It is quite possible to harvest up to 80–100 kg of harvest from one tree per season.
The pulp of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot is rich in:
- sugars (10.3%);
- acids (1.13%).
The taste of the fruit is pleasant, sweet with a slight hint of acid. They earned a high tasting mark - 4 points (out of 5).
It is easy to transport the fruits of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot, they retain their freshness and attractive appearance for a long time.
Scope of the fruit
The purpose of the fruits of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot is dessert and table. It is excellent in fresh and dried form, in recipes for sweet jams, compotes, marshmallows and other preparations, the most popular and favorite of which is undoubtedly jam.
Disease and pest resistance
The Ulyanikhinsky apricot variety is considered to be resistant to pests, a number of fungal diseases of stone fruit plants, as well as bark preheating in the area of the root collar.
Advantages and disadvantages
Summing up, we can briefly highlight the following advantages and disadvantages of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot variety:
Dignity | disadvantages |
High tolerance to low temperatures | Vigorous trees |
High, stable yield | Tendency to form non-fertile shoots |
Good fruit taste | Tendency to crush fruit |
During transportation, the fruits retain their presentation well. | Does not tolerate excess moisture |
Self-fertility |
|
Resistance to preheating, fungal diseases and pests |
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Landing features
Planting and caring for the Ulyanikhinsky apricot obey a number of simple rules.
Recommended timing
Planting apricot varieties Ulyanikhinsky is advised:
- in the spring (in the last days of April);
- autumn (late September - early October).
Choosing the right place
The Ulyanikhinsky site will be optimal for apricot:
- well lit by the sun and sheltered from the wind;
- the groundwater level, under which it does not rise above 3 meters, but does not sink too deep;
- with light, fertile soil, the acidity of which is neutral or lower.
What crops can and cannot be planted next to an apricot
It is believed that apricot is one of the most "quarrelsome" garden crops, since it does not tolerate any other species in the neighborhood.
Only other apricots of the same or different varieties are advised to plant near the apricot tree. At the same time, it is recommended to maintain a distance of at least 4.5–5.5 m between tall trees, which include the Ulyanikhinsky variety.
Selection and preparation of planting material
For growing apricots, Ulyanikhinsky is recommended to take annual trees - they take root more successfully, and it is easy and convenient to form crowns for them.
A high-quality Ulyanikhinsky apricot seedling must have:
- healthy bark without damage and cracks;
- strong, thick branches;
- in the lower part of the trunk - a thorn from the stock;
- developed root system with a large number of lobe roots.
Landing algorithm
It is necessary to correctly plant a seedling of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot in the ground as follows:
- dig a planting hole approximately 0.8 m deep and wide;
- pour on the bottom a nutrient mixture from the soil with 2 buckets of mullein, 650 g of superphosphate (granules), 350 g of potassium sulfate solution and 0.25 kg of ash;
- plant a seedling, observing the position of the root collar (5–7 cm above soil level);
- pour the soil mixture into the hole and carefully trample it;
- pour water (20-30 l);
- mulch the soil (with sawdust or peat).
More details on how to plant an apricot are shown in the video
Follow-up care of the culture
Pruning of young Ulyanikhinsky apricot is carried out as follows:
- for the first time, the branches are cut immediately after planting, to a height of 40 cm from the ground;
- till the third year of 5–7 main branches form a crown in layers;
- further pruning apricot tree it is carried out for rejuvenating and sanitary purposes, as well as to prevent excessive thickening of the branches.
Ulyanikhinsky is advised to water the apricot three times a season:
- before flowering;
- during the growth of shoots;
- two weeks before the fruits ripen.
The apricot tree of the Ulyanikhinsky variety necessarily needs regular and correct feeding:
- in the spring, mineral fertilizers (in particular, urea), as well as organic matter, are applied to the soil;
- in summer, they additionally enrich the soil with nitrogen-containing substances;
- in the fall, the emphasis is on potash, calcium and phosphorus dressings.
In winter, the Ulyanikhinsky apricot needs additional protection:
- the surface of the trunk circle is generously covered with straw, spruce branches, reeds - this will not allow the roots to freeze;
- it is advisable to wrap the area of the root collar tightly with burlap;
- the ground part of young trees is hidden under protective shelters made of oilcloth or spunbond;
- a metal mesh wrapped around the trunk will protect the bark from rodents.
Diseases and pests, methods of control and prevention
It is believed that the Ulyanikhinsky apricot suffers from diseases extremely rarely. Nevertheless, it does not hurt to know the manifestations and methods of treatment of the main ones:
Disease | Symptoms | Prevention and treatment measures |
Gray fruit rot (manifestation of moniliosis) | The fruits are covered with a dense gray bloom, they rot and die, falling or drying out on the branches | Destruction of infected fruits, timely pruning of the tree. Spraying with Bordeaux liquid, preparations "Horus", "Switch" |
Hole spot (clasterosporium disease) | Brown spots on the leaves, in the places of which holes are subsequently formed. Shoots crack and deform | Pruning and destruction of diseased branches and leaves. Spraying with Bordeaux liquid, Horus preparation, copper sulfate |
Valsa mushroom | Infection - getting into the wounds on the bark, it manifests itself as orange growths - "ulcers" | For preventive purposes, the soil should be loosened well and the branches of a tree that is at rest should not be cut off. Treatment of affected areas with "Switch" |
The same goes for insect pests:
Pest | Appearance and activity | Prevention and control measures |
Aphid | Colonies of small black insects feeding on tree sap | Timely watering and feeding of plants. Whitewashing of boles with lime twice a year. Processing "Aktellik", "Intravir", "Fitaverm" |
Caterpillars of subcrustal leafworm | Pale green, brown-headed caterpillars making deep burrows at the bottom of the trunk | Regular digging of the trunk circle. Destruction of the affected parts of the bark. Chlorophos spraying |
Plum moth | Large (up to 2 cm) pink caterpillars, gnawing into the flesh and damaging the fruit bone | Whitewashing boles with lime. Spraying with "Tagore", "Avant", "Kinmiks" |
Conclusion
Apricot Ulyanikhinsky is a hardy, high-yielding hybrid variety characterized by excellent fruit taste and high resistance to diseases and pests. Among the disadvantages inherent in the variety are high tree growth, tendency to overgrowth and sensitivity to excess moisture. They cannot be called significant, and therefore reviews of the Ulyanikhinsky apricot among gardeners are mostly positive.
