Content
Description of the apricot variety Gorniy Abakan informs gardeners that this crop variety can be grown in cold winter conditions. Many summer residents dream of having delicious fruits of apricot trees on their plots, but not all of them can grow and develop well in the northern regions. If the winter in the region is frosty, with the presence of unfavorable factors, then “Gorny Abakan” is exactly the variety that can withstand this.
Abakan apricot tolerates unfavorable weather conditions
Breeding history
A variety of apricot "Mountain Abakan" was bred in 1979 by IL Baikalov. The variety is obtained from a mixture of seeds of the 2nd generation of Khabarovsk selected forms in the backyard of the Khakass Republic. It is recommended for cultivation in the East Siberian region, Krasnoyarsk and Khabarovsk territories, Khakassia. Since 2002, Gorny Abakan has been included in the State Register.
Description of the apricot variety Abakansky
The apricot tree "Abakan" is of medium size (up to 3 m in height) and an open, spreading crown. The leaves are medium-sized, dark green in color, with a red central vein. Blooms in the second half of May in large, white, with a shade of pink, buds. The self-fertility of the variety is low; as a pollinator, Kantegirskiy, Oriens-Siberian and Sibiryak Baykalova are most suitable for it. The tree does not stay in winter dormancy for long. If the thaws are long, then the buds of "Gorny Abakan" may freeze a little.
The fruit of the tree is pressed down (compressed at the sides), yellow-green in color. The seam is noticeable. On young trees, apricots are large, weighing up to 40 g, they become smaller over the years - up to 30 g. The flesh is pleasant to the taste, dense, with subtle sourness, orange color, average juiciness. Each fruit contains up to 15% dry matter, 9% sugars, 0.55% pectin.
Tasting score of apricots "Abakan high" and is 4.6 points
Characteristics
Judging by the photo of the Gorny Abakan apricot variety, it has good characteristics. The images show that the fruits of the tree are even, large and beautiful. In addition, they have a pleasant taste and are versatile in use. According to numerous reviews of summer residents, it is known that the tree has a good yield, is resistant to drought and frost.
Drought tolerance, winter hardiness
The culture has an average drought tolerance. In case of insufficient precipitation, so that new roots form successfully in the apricot, it is advisable to water it additionally. In the spring, for the growth of shoots, the tree needs regular moisture.
Thanks to the laborious work of breeders, the "Abakan" variety has received a high resistance to frost. Despite the harsh winter, the tree produces a good harvest every year. Able to survive at temperatures down to -38 ° C.
Pollination, flowering period and ripening times
For normal fruiting, the Abakan apricot needs a pollinator. Best suited for this role is "Sibiryak Baikalova" or "Kantegirsky". The buds on the tree begin to appear towards the end of spring, in May. The fruits are formed in June. After 1.5-2 months after their appearance, the harvest time comes.
Productivity, fruiting
On average, 15-18 kg of harvest can be harvested from one tree of the Mountain Abakan apricot, sometimes this figure increases to 40 kg. When planted on a hill, in winter conditions with little rainfall, the culture bears abundant fruit every year. Harvesting time is mid-August. The variety bears fruit 3-4 years after planting.
Apricot "Gorny Abakan" is a medium-ripening variety
Scope of the fruit
Apricots harvested from the Abakan hybrid are most often used for fresh consumption and canning. Compotes, jams and preserves are made from it. Some housewives add fruits to baked goods, less often they dry them.
Disease and pest resistance
Many sources claim that "Gorny Abakan" has good resistance to diseases and harmful insects, but the variety is likely to catch an ailment. In wet years, the tree can easily get sick with moniliosis, clasternosporiasis or cytosporosis, and there are also cases of infection with spotting and cancer.
With poor-quality care, aphids and weevils can attack the tree.
Advantages and disadvantages
Among the clearly expressed advantages of culture are:
- good taste;
- winter hardiness;
- large fruits;
- versatility of use.
The disadvantages in particular include instability to damping and a decrease in the size of the fruit over the years.
Landing features
There are no special rules for the landing of the Gorny Abakan. The principle of operation is the same as for other apricot crops.
Recommended timing
It is advisable to plant the Abakan apricot in late spring, in May, in warm soil. When planting in autumn, there is a chance that the seedling will die. But if a decision is made to plant a tree before winter, then this must be done no later than 14 days before the arrival of frosts in the region.
Choosing the right place
In order for the fruits of "Gorny Abakan" to grow good, it is worth carefully selecting a site for planting a seedling. The place should be sunny and quiet, windless. If the ground is rough and does not allow air to pass through, the crop will grow poorly. It is desirable that the soil has a slightly alkaline reaction and is light. Best of all, if the site for planting is located on the slope of a mountain or hill, on the south side, the groundwater did not run higher than 250 cm.
Trees do not tolerate drafts and strong winds
What crops can and cannot be planted next to an apricot
Among experienced gardeners, there is an opinion that it is undesirable to plant other trees, besides pollinators, next to apricots, including the "Gorny Abakan". This culture has a very large root size, depletes the earth, and releases toxic substances into it. It is not forbidden to plant early flowers near the apricot - daffodils, primroses, tulips.
Selection and preparation of planting material
Before preparing for planting an apricot, the gardener needs to choose the right planting material. Buying a quality seedling is a guarantee of half the success. It is important to take young trees only from nurseries. You need to pay attention to their roots, which should not be dry or frozen. A good seedling of "Mountain Abakan" has no defects and thorns on the trunk, with smooth branches. It is better to buy a tree that is at least 12 months old.
Landing algorithm
Landing of "Gorny Abakan" is carried out as follows:
- 20 days before planting, the soil is deoxidized with chalk or dolomite flour.
- Holes with a diameter of 0.7 m are dug 3 days before planting.
- The top fertile layer of excavated soil, compost and river sand are used as the planting mixture.
- Fill the pit with the mixture, add ½ bucket of ash, potassium sulfide and superphosphate to it.
- After planting the tree, watering is done.
Follow-up care of the culture
Any plant, especially a capricious apricot, requires attention and proper care:
- In spring and autumn, the tree trunk must be whitewashed with the addition of copper sulfate.
- Watering young seedlings 2 times a month, two-year-old trees and older - as the soil dries.
- It is imperative to add additional fertilizing to the water for irrigation: potash and phosphorus during flowering, nitrogen - in summer, potassium-phosphate - in autumn.
- Loosen the soil once a month.
- Before wintering, mulch the root circle with sawdust, straw, dry leaves.
- Carry out pruning in a timely manner.
With good care, the tree can live up to 30 years
Diseases and pests
"Gorny Abakan" can be infected with such diseases as:
- spotting;
- verticillary wilting;
- cancer.
Among the pests that most often attack the variety, there are:
- aphid;
- peduncle;
- sawfly;
- weevil.
Conclusion
The description of the apricot variety Gorny Abakan confirms that this type of crop is adapted to growing conditions in regions with cold winters, but with a moderate amount of snow. The fruits of the culture have excellent taste, bring great benefits to the body, saturate it with vitamins. Growing "Abakan" requires some effort, but with the right approach to business, a good result will not have to wait long.
Reviews about apricot varieties Gorny Abakan
